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Periodic Trends

Periodic Trends. Science 10. Trends on the Periodic Table. The First Periodic Table. Dimitri Mendeleev was one of the first to publish a table. He used these properties to arrange the elements. He arranged similar elements in vertical columns.

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Periodic Trends

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  1. Periodic Trends Science 10

  2. Trends on the Periodic Table

  3. The First Periodic Table • Dimitri Mendeleev was one of the first to publish a table. • He used these properties to arrange the elements. • He arranged similar elements in vertical columns. • He left open spaces on his chart for elements he predicted would someday be found but had not been discovered at that time.

  4. The Periodic Law • He developed the idea of the Periodic Law: “When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, their properties are repeated periodically.” • Today we know that atomic number is a better way to structure the periodic table. Mendeleev and other early researchers did not know about protons and neutrons and isotopes.

  5. FAMILIES on the Table • Families (a.k.a. Groups)- a vertical column on the periodic table in which elements have similar chemical reactivity

  6. Group 1 – Alkali metals Include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr • most chemically reactive of the metals (must be stored under oil as they will react with air) • react explosively with water • are so soft they can be cut with a knife

  7. The Alkali Metals

  8. Group 2 – Alkaline Earth metals Includes Be, Ca, Mg, etc. • very chemically reactive and are never found free in nature (same as alkali metals) • React with water to produce alkaline (i.e. basic) solutions

  9. Group 17 – Halogen family • exhibit all 3 physical states at room temp! • are highly reactive with metals, especially alkali metals • highly toxic

  10. Group 18 - Noble gases Include He, Ne, Xe, etc • EXTREMELY STABLE and only rarely react to form compounds • all are gases • when given energy (with electricity or extreme heat)each gives off a unique color…

  11. PERIODS on the Table • Periods- a horizontal row on the periodic table • Sodium (Na) • Family Name: Alkali metals • Family #: 1 • Period #: 3

  12. Start the Periodic Table assignment… • What do you do if you and your classmates disagree about the answer to a question on the assignment?

  13. My favorite clip…

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