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Maj-Britt Larka Abellán, General Subdirectorate of Air Quality and Industrial Environmental

Explore the evolution of pollutants in Spain from 1990 to 2017, focusing on National Emission Ceilings and emission reduction commitments. This report examines the trends in NOX, NMVOC, NH3, SOX, and PM2.5 emissions, providing valuable insights into Spain's efforts to reduce air pollution.

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Maj-Britt Larka Abellán, General Subdirectorate of Air Quality and Industrial Environmental

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  1. CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION 20th Task Force on Measurement and Modelling Meeting Maj-Britt Larka Abellán, General Subdirectorate of Air Quality and Industrial Environmental Ministry for the ecological transition (MITECO) Madrid (Spain), 7-9 May 2019

  2. Mean pollutants: evolution % from 1990 to 2017

  3. National Emission Ceilings & emission reduction commitments Directive (EU) 2016/2284 about national emission reduction measures of certain atmospheric pollutants NOX (as NO2) NMVOC NH3 SOX (as SO2) PM2.5 Source: NationalEmissionInventory, 2016

  4. Emission projections WeM (1): nivel mínimo de reducción de emisiones respecto al nivel emitido en el año 2005 (2): nivel de emisiones proyectado en el año X relativo al nivel de emisiones en el año 2005.

  5. Emission projections WaM

  6. CLRTAP: Structure

  7. Spanish participation (I): • Participates in LRTAP Convention activities since 1994. • Participates in WGSR (Working Group Strategies and Review) and in the EB (Executy Body) • Implementation Committee.- Martín Fernández Díez-Picazo, member since 2016. • Working Group on Effects.- Isaura Rábago, CIEMAT, Chair since 2016. • EMEP/Steering Body.- Xavier Querol, CSIC_IDAEA, vice-chair since 2015 as scientific expert.

  8. Spanishparticipation (II): • The Ministry for the Ecological Transition, since 2006, supports the participation of national experts (Research Centers and Universities) in: • Working Group on Effects: • ICP Vegetation • ICP Integrated Monitoring • ICP Forests • ICP Modelling & Mapping • ICP Waters • JEG Dynamic Modelling • EMEP - Steering Body: • TF on Measurements & Modelling • TF Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollutants • TF Integrated Assessment Modelling • TF Emission Inventories and Projections

  9. Working Group on Effects: Spain chairs WGE since 2016: Coordination of ICPs activities Coordination and interconnection with EMEP-Steering Body WGE representation to the Executive Body Foto de Ginebra

  10. Spanish participation ICP Vegetation: • In Mediterranean conditions: Ozone effects more related to the dose absorbed through stomata (POD) than to exposure (AOT40) • Critical Levels (flux-based POD) for Mediterranean vegetation (Crops, Forests, semi-natural vegetation) • Parameterizations of the stomatal conductance model available for estimating fluxes in in Mediterranean areas for several species

  11. Spanish participation ICP Forest • Directorate general for Rural Development, Innovation and Forest Policy is involved in the ICP Forest since decade 1990s • National focal point of the ICP-Forests.  • They are responsible for: • carrying out the work in the large-scale network of forest monitoring (Level I) and the network of intensive and continuous monitoring of forest ecosystems (Level II). • Coordination and technical direction of the works carried out in Spain.

  12. Spanish participation: ICP Waters • Spain participated for the first time in the ICP Water last year through the Center for Hydrographic Studies (CEDEX) and the Directorate General for Water (DGW) • Would like to consolidate Spain’s participation through the Center for Hydrographic Studies (CEDEX) • CEDEX is a public body under the ministry of Public Works and MITECO

  13. Spanish participation: ICP Materials • Spain is responsible for Weathering Steel (defined as patinable) since 2011 from National Research Center for Materials (CENIM_CSIC) • San Pablo de los Montes and Majadahonda has been working since 1987 • San Pablo de los Montes is a reference station for its background (low corrosion levels)

  14. Spanish participation: ICP Materials Effects of the pollution in the different materials: A Carbon steel (SVUOM, Czech Republic) B Steel patinable (CENIM, Spain) D Zinc (EMPA, Switzerland) E Copper (KIMAB, Sweden) M Limestone (BRE, UK) S Stainless steel (SVUOM, Czech Republic) T Modern glass (LISA, France) V Aluminum (KIMAB, Sweden) Pasivos (IVL, Sweden) – HNO3 y PM Example: San Pablo de los Montes (Toledo) station

  15. ICP Integrated Monitoring International Cooperative Programme on Integrated Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Ecosystems (ICP-IM) • 16 Europeancountries (50 sitesintegratedmonitoring) • Spainsince 2006 (University of Navarra). Señorío de Bertiz

  16. Spanish participation in TFEIP • The Ministry is involved in the Task Force on Emission Inventories and Projections meetings before year 2000 • The TFEIP supports Parties in the reporting of official air pollutant emissions and projections data to the Convention.  It also provides a technical forum and expert network to identify emission factors, establish methodologies for the estimation of emissions, and identify problems related to data reporting. 

  17. The EMEP/GAW/CAMP network

  18. The EMEP/GAW/CAMP network • Comprisedby 13 stations (12 mainland + 1 theBalearicIslands) • Intended to watchbackgroundpollution • Unifiedoperation of nationalnetworksincebeginning 2007 Measurementson NRT: • Ten-minutes time weightedaverage data: O3, NO, NO2, SO2, PM10 • Meteorological data: Temp, Precipitation, Radiation, RH, wind data Retrievalfrom post-processed data: • 8 hour time weightedaverage data: O3, NO2 • San Pablo de los Montes station

  19. The EMEP/GAW/CAMP network Data and charts are updatedon a dailybasis at following links (open publicaccess): Data: http://www.aemet.es/es/servidor-datos/acceso-datos/listado-contenidos/detalles/contaminacion Charts: http://www.aemet.es/es/eltiempo/observacion/contaminacionfondo Additionally O3, NO2, SO2 NRT data are dailyuploaded to both EEA and ECMWF

  20. The EMEP/GAW/CAMP network Furtheratmosphericcomponents are retrievedfrom manual collectors (open use data underpreviousapplication): • Precipitation: SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, NH4+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, H+, pH and conductivity (daily data) + Hg at Niembro (weekly data) Pb, Cd, As, Ni, Cu, Cr and Zn at Niembro and Campisábalos (weekly data) • PM10 and PM2.5, Ammoniums, Nitrates, PAH, CC, VOC, NH3 and furtheranalysisaboutparticlescomposition (differenttimelyaverages) • Niembro station

  21. Spanish participation in TFMM: • TheTaskForceonMeasurements and Modellingwasestablished in 2000 to offer a forum to theParties, the EMEP centres and otherinternationalorganizationsforscientificdiscussions to evaluatemeasurements and modellingand to furtherdevelopworkingmethods and tools. • Haveparticipated MITECO, CIEMAT and AEMET CIEMAT has participated in differentactivities, such as EURODELTA III project, leadingtheanalysis of theevaluation and intercomparison of modelsregardingwetdeposition of N and S, as well as thestudy of trend 1990-2010, alsoforwetdepostion(Vivanco et al., 2017, Theobald et al, 2019).

  22. Spanish participation in TFIAM: • The Task Force on Integrated Assessment Modelling combines information gathered from the Parties and from other Convention bodies and through computer models assist in the development of legal instruments (protocols) (TFIAM provided the basis for negotiation of the 1994 Oslo Protocol and the Gothenburg Protocol in 1999). • Meetings of Berlín, 2019, Tallin 2018 and Utrech 2017. CIEMAT has presented studies related to: • Several projects of CIEMAT to estimate the international contribution to air pollution in Spain and the impact of measures for improving air quality related to traffic, house heating, industries, etc • Evaluation of measures (traffic banning, urban vegetation, photocatalytic pavements) for air pollution abatement in Pamplona, Spain, including impacts on health and their monetization (LIFE+ RESPIRA project)

  23. Spanish participation in TFHTAP: • TheTaskForceonHemisphericTransport of Air Pollutants(established in December 2004) to understandthehemispherictransport of air pollutionforconsideration in thereviews of protocols to theConvention. CIEMAT has participated in phases 1 and 2 (HTAP1 and HTAP2) (Marta García Vivanco). Participation in thedifferentsimulationexercise (GEOS-Chem global model in HTAP1; CHIMERE regional model in HTAP2/AQMEII3, leadingtheanalyisis of deposition of N and S in Europe in the AQMEII3 group(Vivanco et al. 2018).

  24. MITECO Team: • Natalia Alonso Sopeña (nalonso@miteco.es) • Martín Fernández Díez-Picazo (buzon-inv_emisiones@miteco.es) • Alberto Garcia Campos (acampos@miteco.es) • Rebeca Javato • María Hervás (sgca-calidad-aire@mapama.es ) • Maria José Cornide • Maj Britt Larka Abellán (buzon-sgcamai@mapama.es) Thank you very much!!

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