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Refraction

Discover the fascinating phenomena of refraction and dispersion as light travels through various mediums, affecting its speed and direction. Learn about Snell's law, wavefronts, dispersion based on wavelength, and how telescopes and spectroscopes utilize these principles. Explore the bending of light in water, glass, and the dispersion of colors, with engaging diagrams and explanations.

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Refraction

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  1. Refraction • Bending of light when it passes from one medium to another • Refraction occurs because the speed of light depends on the material through which it passes • Index of refraction = ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to its speed in the material

  2. Refraction of a meter stick upon entering water. • Snell's law: n1 sin q1 = n2 sin q2 n = refractive index q = normal angle Wavefronts in Air... Water

  3. Refraction in a piece of glass • If two surfaces of the glass are parallel, the emerging wave is parallel to incident wave • Otherwise the emerging wave and incident wave have different directions

  4. Dispersion • Dispersion occurs because the index of refraction depends on wavelength • Violet light is bent most • Red light is bent least

  5. The Pink Floyd Diagram

  6. Making an image with a TELESCOPE Aperture Aperture Image

  7. Making spectra with a SPECTROSCOPE Aperture Aperture Image Dispersion

  8. Making an image with a TELESCOPE SLIT SLIT Image

  9. Making spectra with a SPECTROSCOPE SLIT SLIT Image Dispersion

  10. Spectral resolution: SLIT SLIT Image Dispersion

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