An Introduction to Digital Media and Image Editing Techniques

1. An Introduction to Digital Media and Image Editing Techniques By Ryan Dunne & Mario Piljic

2. Outcomes 5.2.1 describes and applies problem-solving processes when creating solutions 5.2.2 designs, produces and evaluates appropriate solutions to a range of challenging problems 5.2.3 critically analyses decision-making processes in a range of information and software solutions.

3. Introduction to Digital Media

4. What is Digital Media? Digital Media is data which is stored, displayed and manipulated electronically. Digital Media can be converted to analogue format. Analogue media can be digitalised, allowing data storage and manipulation. Digital Media does not only exist on computers. .. References:(Vaughan, 2008)

5. Purpose of Digital Media Entertainment Video Games Interactive TV Cloud media Augmented reality Internet Mobile Technology Informative Digital Newspaper Education and Learning E-Books Mobile Technology Internet

6. Types of Digital Media

7. 5 major categories of digital media Graphics Text Audio Video Animation References:(Vaughan, 2008)

8. Graphics are visual still representations. • Graphics combine different ideas into a visual representation. • Graphics can be informative, educational, entertaining and artistic. • Digital Graphics are broken up into 2 categories: Bitmap and Vector. Graphical Design References:(Vaughan, 2008)

9. Vector: Each individual object contained in a vector image is defined by a mathematical equation. This means that vector images are not resolution dependent. Thus, each vector object is scalable and can generally be resized without any loss of image quality. • Bitmap/Raster: Use coloured pixels to crate an image and are mapped according to their placement and colour. When stretched the image becomes blocky as the pixels are expanded. Graphical Design Reference: http://www.tech-faq.com/vector-images.htmlhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/aa/VectorBitmapExample.svg

10. Desktop Publish is the use of a purpose built software to design and create a document for publication. • All Desktop Publishing software use a “What You See Is What You Get” (WYSIWYG) approach where all measurements and details are shown and used. • Desktop Publishing software integrates text, number and graphics into one final product. • This program can be used on a small scale by amateur users in the production of flyers or promotions or high end users producing newspaper articles. Desktop Publishing Publisher Guide:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sh4GfcgBMpk Reference: http://desktoppub.about.com/od/software/f/software_list.htm

11. Scribus is a desktop publishing (DTP) application, released under the GNU General Public License as free software. Versions are available for Linux, Unix-like, Mac OS X, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows. • It is known for its broad set of page layout features, comparable to leading non-free applications such as Adobe PageMaker, Desktop Publishing Reference:http://ostatic.com/scribus/home/1

12. Microsoft Publisher 2010 is bundled in many Office packages and is in most schools. • One of the most used Desktop Publishing programs in the world. • It allows for the sharing of customised user templates online. • Built in system that allows for publishing with consistent accuracyand fluid designs. Desktop Publishing Reference: http://desktoppub.about.com/od/software/f/software_list.htm

13. Audio is a form of digital media that is converted from an analogue signal to a digital signal through the process of pulse code modulation. • The sound can then be converted to a variety of formats including the most common MP3 or WAV. Audio Reference: http://www.tech-faq.com/pulse-code-modulation.html

14. Pulse code modulation process is the translation of a microphone analogue waveform into a digital waveform. Red line represents the continuous voltage, and the stair stepped black line is the digitization process. Audio Reference: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ethanhein/2378146633/

15. E-Music is usually available in the MPEG layer 3 (MP3) audio format, which allows data to be stored with minimal loss of audio quality and with small file sizes. All digital data is stored in bits, where the greater the depth of bits the less of the original analogue signal is lost in the conversion process. Audio Reference: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ethanhein/2378146633/

16. Audacity is one program that allows manipulation and conversion of audio files, which is assessable in most educational settings. It is a free, easy-to-use and multilingual audio editor and recorder for Windows, Mac OS X, GNU/Linux and other operating systems. Audio Referencehttp://audacity.sourceforge.net/

17. You can use Audacity to: • Record live audio. • Convert tapes and records into digital recordings or CDs. • Edit OggVorbis, MP3, WAV or AIFF sound files. • Cut, copy, splice or mix sounds together. • Change the speed or pitch of a recording. Audio Intro to Audacity : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B7Md_7rOEjI&feature=fvwrel Referencehttp://audacity.sourceforge.net/

18. Digital video is the process of capturing, manipulating, and storing of moving images that can be viewed on computer screens. • One very important advantage is offered through the digitization of video and that is the ability to edit and manipulate the content. Video Reference: http://www.edb.utexas.edu/minliu/multimedia/Digital%20Video.pdf

19. The process involved in digital video production includes the following: • Camera and a microphone which capture the picture and sounds of a video session and send analogue signals to a video-capture adapter board. The board only captures half of the number of frames per second that movies use in order to reduce the amount of data to be processed. Video Reference: http://www.edb.utexas.edu/minliu/multimedia/Digital%20Video.pdf

20. An analogue-to-digital converter chip on the video-capture adapter card, which converts the analogue signals (waves) to digital patterns (0s and 1s). • A compression/decompression chip or software which reduces the data to a minimum necessary for recreating the video signals . Video Reference: http://www.edb.utexas.edu/minliu/multimedia/Digital%20Video.pdf

21. There are a variety of programs available for use to manipulate and edit digital video content. The most common and popular one includes:Windows Live Movie Maker 2011http://explore.live.com/windows-live-movie-maker?os=otherTutorial link http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9C-D30_P8Q Video

22. Animation Animation is an optical illusion which is created when 2 dimensional or 3 dimensional graphics are shown at speed. There are 3 types of animation: Cell - which digital cartoons can implement Tweening - a process of animation where an object moves and takes frames instead of cells. Morphing- the process of an object changing to another in a singular motion thus creating an illusion Morphing: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vni4zR52bSk&feature=related References:(Vaughan, 2008)

23. Animation Adobe Flash CS5 is a program which takes still graphics and puts them into a frame within a storyline. Flash Capabilities:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qo1d6ttbAq8 References:http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/

24. Animation The graphics can be moved and altered in each frame. When the storyline runs the animation will look like it is moving. Adobe Flash CS5 can incorporate audio, create games, videos and animation . References:http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/

25. File Types and Digital Media

27. Graphical Design Photoshop Task