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Bonding Review AND Intro to Nanomaterials !

Bonding Review AND Intro to Nanomaterials !. Bonding 101. Q: What are the main types of bonding?. Answer: Ionic Covalent Metallic. With your group, write down everything you remember about each type of chemical bonding…. Non-Metal: Accepts electron. Metal: Donates electrons.

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Bonding Review AND Intro to Nanomaterials !

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  1. Bonding Review AND Intro to Nanomaterials!

  2. Bonding 101 Q: What are the main types of bonding? • Answer: • Ionic • Covalent • Metallic

  3. With your group, write down everything you remember about each type of chemical bonding…

  4. Non-Metal: Accepts electron Metal: Donates electrons Fluorine Sodium Ionic Bonding • Forms salts • Transfer of electrons anion cation

  5. Covalent Bonding Atoms share electrons to form molecules + H2 H H H H H H Bonding electrons F F F F F + F F2 Lone pair electrons Covalent bonds usually between nonmetal + nonmetal

  6. Metallic Bonding Atom cores • Electrical Conductors • Thermal Conductors • Ductile materials (capable of being nailed out thin) Sea of valence electrons

  7. Scavenger Hunt… In less than 3 minutes, bring me something (in a weigh boat) that has only ionic bonding, something that has only covalent bonding, and something that has only metallic bonding. GO!

  8. Intermolecular Forces (aka Van der Waals forces) • dipole-dipole • if between H & N, O, F hydrogen bond 2. dipole-induced dipole 3. induced dipole-induced dipole (London Dispersion forces) H O H H O O H H H

  9. Nanostructures… Particles, wires, and films, oh my!

  10. Small Structures • #1. Particles • #2. Wires • #3. Films, Layers, Coatings • #4. Porous Materials

  11. Particles • Small particles are mostly surface • Bulk solids typically < 1% surface atoms • Small nanoparticles can have ~90% surface atoms • Van der Waals forces dominates • Mostly interparticle interactions (fewer bonds) • More reactive • Useful as catalysts

  12. Wires / Tubes • Electronics • Optics • Strength-based applications

  13. Films, Layers, Coatings Surface is where all interactions and reactions take place. Self-Assembled Monolayers: Ordered arrangement of molecules that occurs spontaneously

  14. Micro and Mesoporous Materials http://www.clopayplastics.com http://www.ch.cam.ac.uk/staff/bfgj.html

  15. Applications of mesoporous structures • Insoles for shoes • Thermal insulators • Hiking/ski boots for blizzard conditions • Outside of space shuttles

  16. Crystalline Mesoporous Structures: Zeolites • Crystalline aluminosilicates • First discovered in 1756 • 34 are naturally-occurring • 3-D framework with uniformly-sized pores • Pores: ~ 0.3 – 1.0 nm in diameter • Pore volumes: ~ 0.1 – 0.35 ml/g • Applications: • Catalysts • Adsorbents/molecular sieves • Heavy metal ion removal from nuclear waste

  17. Crystalline Mesoporous Structures: Zeolites N&N Fig. 6.13 N&N Fig. 6.12 Various arrangements • Rings • Cages • Channels • Chains http://omnibus.uni-freiburg.de/~weisenbt/7Zeolites/ZeoliteDefinition.html

  18. Scavenger Hunt…Part TWO! Find items around the room that could examples of each of the four main types of nanomaterials if you shrunk them down (particles, nanowires/tubes, thin film, zeolite) GO!

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