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ERT 313 BIOSEPARATION ENGINEERING INTRODUCTION

ERT 313 BIOSEPARATION ENGINEERING INTRODUCTION. Prepared by: Pn. Hairul Nazirah Abdul Halim. Topic Outline. Introduction What is separated in bioseparation? Economic Important in Bioseparation Nature of Bioseparation Basis of Separation in Bioseparation Process Bioseparation Techniques

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ERT 313 BIOSEPARATION ENGINEERING INTRODUCTION

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  1. ERT 313BIOSEPARATION ENGINEERINGINTRODUCTION Prepared by: Pn. Hairul Nazirah Abdul Halim

  2. Topic Outline • Introduction • What is separated in bioseparation? • Economic Important in Bioseparation • Nature of Bioseparation • Basis of Separation in Bioseparation Process • Bioseparation Techniques • The RIPP Scheme • Example of Bioseparation

  3. BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING UPSTREAM Growth of biomolecules usually by bacterial or mammalian cell lines & harvest - BIOREACTOR DOWNSTREAM cell mass from the UPSTREAM are processed to meet purity and quality requirements

  4. Introduction • What is Bioseparation Engineering??? - Systematic study of the scientific & engineering principles utilized for the large-scale purification of biological products.

  5. What is Bioprocessing??? - deals with manufacture of biochemicals - biopharmaceuticals - foods - nutraceuticals - agrochemicals

  6. What is separated in Bioseparation? • Biological derived products can be classified based on: a) chemical nature (Table 1.1) b) application (Table 1.2)

  7. Particle – liquid separation : 1. Separation of cells from cell culture medium 2. Separation of blood cells from plasma in the manufacture of plasma proteins 3. Removal of bacteria and viruses from protein solutions • Solute – solvent separation 1. Removal of a solvent from a solute product (e.g. protein concentration enrichment) 2. Removal of dissolved impurities from a liquid product

  8. Solute – solute separation 1. Separation of serum albumin from other serum proteins • Liquid – liquid separation: 1. Separation of ethanol and acetone from an aqueous medium (in the manufacture of solvent)

  9. Economic Important in Bioseparation

  10. Nature of Bioseparation • Bioseparation is largely based on chemical separation processes. • The separations usually aim to achieve removal of specific components, in order to increase the added value of the products, which may be the residue, the extracted components or both. • Bioseparation is differ from chemical separation: 1. biological products – very low concentrations in the starting material 2. impurities have similar chemical/physical properties with the target products 3. Denaturation & degradation 4. Stringent quality requirement for products – therapeutic products should be free from endotoxins and pyrogens.

  11. Basis of Separation in Bioseparation Processes

  12. Types of Separation • Gas-liquid separation - Absorption • Vapor-liquid separation - Distillation • Liquid-liquid separation – Extraction • Fluid – solid separation – Adsorption, Leaching, Chromatography, Crystallization • Mechanical- physical separation – Precipitation, Centrifugation, Filtration, Membrane Separation.

  13. Bioseparation Techniques

  14. Common Stage in Bioseparation RIPP Scheme • Recovery • Isolation (volume reduction) • Purification • Polishing

  15. •RIPP SCHEME • Recovery of product – Filtration, centrifugation, microfiltration • Isolation of product (volume reduction) – Cell disruption, extraction, adsorption, ultrafiltration, precipitation • Purification – Adsorption, elution chromatography, ultrafiltration, electrophoresis, precipitation, crystallization • Polishing – Crystallization, drying, auxiliary process, solvent recovery

  16. Example: Fractional Precipitation • Ethanol fractionation of human plasma protein factors: pH, temperature, ionic strength & protein concentration change • cohns method 6: primary means of preparing albumin, γ-globulin, fibrinogen

  17. Bioseparation of reagent grade monoclonal antibody from cell culture supernatant

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