MASTER TRAINER :

1. WELCOME MASTER TRAINER : Mrs.Samina Tallat Mrs.Rafaqat Sultana

2. Introduction of Symbols & Sign of Maths in English. Group 2 Section ''B''

3. GROUP MEMBERS GROUP LEADERRahat Manzar ASSISTANT Kaniz Akhtar Awan Firdous Anjum Members: Farrukh Imtiaz Shazia Mubeen Tabussum Munir Shaista Hasnat Rizwana Tahir Beatrix Afshan Iram Manzoor Zarina Zulfiqar Farzana Shahid Qamar un Nisa Tehmina Rubani Asma Shaukat Zareena Shaheen Tahira akhtar Raheela Khalid Supervisor Naheed Akram

4. OBJECTIVES • Development of an easy mathematical approach towards the students. • To know in the better way the terms used in mathematic in English. • Using these symbols and signs we are able to understand international books about Mathematics without knowing their language( i.e. Chinese and Japanese). • It is the better way to create the attention towards the subject.

5. MATHEMATICS Science (or group of related sciences) dealing with the logic of quantity and shape and arrangement) The study of the measurement, properties, and relationships of quantities and sets, using numbers and symbols.

6. Symbol: + • What is it: Addition sign • How is it read: Plus • How it is used : Sum of a few values • Expression sample: • t3 + 2 = 5 +

7. Symbol: - What is it: Subtraction sign How is it read: Minus How it is used : Difference of values Expression sample: 5 - 2 = 3

9. Symbol . Or x Multiplication How is it read? Multiply by ….times Expression sample 3.5=15

11. DIVISION ÷ ÷ Division sign. • 3 divided by 4 3 ÷ 4 = 0.75 • 8 divided by 2 8 ÷ 2=4

12. SLASH • / • Slash • ... divided by ...... over ... • Division • 3/4 = 0.75

13. CROSS PRODUCT X • Cross product sign A cross B written as A x B • A x B ≠B x A

14. APPROXIMATE SIGN • ~ • Approximateequal sign is approximately equal to Indicates two values areclose to each other • x + y ~z

15. SUMMATION • summationsign • The summation mean Sum of many values.

16. SQUARE ROOT • square root symbol • The square root of ... • Algebraic expressions

17. EQUALITY SIGN • = • Equal sign shows that two quantities are equals • Indicates two valuesare the same • -(-5) = 52z + 4z – 6Z = 0 = =

18. INEQUALITY SIGN • Inequality sign is not equal to Indicates two valuesare different x≠ y ≠

19. GREATER THAN > • > • Inequality sign is greater than Indicates value on leftis larger thanvalue on right • 5 > 3x > y

20. GREATER OR EQUALITY SIGN ≥ • Inequality sign is greater than or equal to. • Indicates value on left is larger than or equal to value on right side. x≥y

21. LESS THAN < • Inequality sign is less than . Indicates value on left side is less than value on right side.x <y 3 < 5 <

22. LESS OR EQUALITY SIGN ≤ • Inequality sign is less than or equal to is at most equal to Indicates value on leftside is smaller than or equal to value on right side. X ≤y

23. BELONGS TO… SIGN • Element-of A={a,b} a & b are an elements of set A. A={a,b} • a A

24. DOES NOT BELONGS TO.. SIGN • Not-element-of • is not an element ofset. • A={a ,c, f} • b A

25. SUBSET SYMBOL • A is a subset of B A={1,2} B={1,2,3,4} A B

26. FOR ALL… SYMBOL • Universal quantifier For all For every Logical statements a,b ЄQ`a+b ЄQ

27. PROPORTIONALITY proportionality sign is proportional to xy indicates two variables change in direct proportion • x  1/y indicates two variables change in inverse proportion

28. ……CONTINUATION SIGN so on and up to ...... and so on infinitely Extension of sequence A={1,2,3,……,10} S = {1, 2, 3, ...}

29. PERCENTAGE • % • Percent symbol • ... percent ...Proportion • 80 percent means 80 out of 100. 80 % • 0.032 = 3.2 %

30. VERTICAL LINE • | Vertical line means such that.| Used in defining a set {x | x > 4 } A set of first ten natural numbers. {x | x € N and 1<x< 10}

31. PARENTHESES/ OPEN BRACKET • (  ) • Parentheses is quantity to list the set of coordinates of open interval. • (x + y) + z • (x,y,z) • (3,5)

32. CURLY OR BRACES BRACKETS • {  } • Curly brackets are the quantity to show the set • Denotes a quantity or a set • E = {2, 4, 6, 8, ...}

33. SQUARE BRACKETS • [ ]  • Square brackets are the quantity to show the closed interval • Denotes a quantity or aclosed interval • w + [(x + y) + z] [3,5]

34. PERPENDICULARITY ┴ • Perpendicularitysymbol is perpendicular to Geometry AC ┴ CD A B C D

35. IMPLICATION SYMBOL • logical implication • implies ... • Logical statements • A B • x=y x+z=y+z

36. LOGICAL EQUALENCE SIGN • equivalent to ... • Logical statements • A B x+y y+x

37. “THEREFORE” SIGN • Three dots... • therefore ...... it follows that ... • Logical statements ormathematical proofs • x = y and y = zx = z

38. SYMBOL OF UNION OF TWO SETS U • Union symbol. U A={1,2,3} B={3,4} AUB={1,2,3,4} • AUB = BUA

39. INTERSECTION SYMBOL • Intersection symbol.... • A B = B A A={1,2} B={2,3,4} AΠB={2}

40. NULL SET Φ • Null symbol • The null setThe empty set • Sets • Φ = { }

41. DEGREE SYMBOL • º • Degree symbol... • Degree (s) Angular measureTemperature= 45ºT = +20 ºC

42. SYMBOL OF NATURAL NUMBERS N Enhanced or bold N The set of natural numbers N= { 1, 2, 3, ...}

43. SYMBOL OF WHOLE NUMBERS W Sign used to represent whole numbers. W={0,1,2,3,4…}

44. SYMBOL OF EVEN NUMBERS E Sign used to represent the set of Even numbers. E={0,±2,±4,±6,±8…}

45. SYMBOL OF ODD NUMBERS O • Sign used to represent the odd numbers. O={±1±2,±3,…..}

46. INTEGER SYMBOL • , Z • Enhanced or bold Z • The set of integers • Number theoryZ= {……,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,…}

47. RATIONAL NUMBERS Q • Enhanced or bold The set of rational numbers Q` Set of irrational numbers.

48. REAL NUMBERS SYMBOL • , R • Enhanced or bold R • The set of real numbers All rational and irrational numbers.

49. ANGLE SYMBOL • angle symbol • Angle • Geometry A B C ABC LMN

50. THETA SYMBOL • Greek theta. • theta ... • Suppose measurement of an angle is THETA. • Angular variable= 90º