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Regulatory and Policy Development Perspective

Regulatory and Policy Development Perspective. Linc Wehrly, US EPA September 24, 2003 Seattle, Washington InLCA/LCM 2003. Steps in Decision-Making Process. Congress empowers EPA to set regulations through the Clean Air Act (CAA)

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Regulatory and Policy Development Perspective

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  1. Regulatory and Policy Development Perspective Linc Wehrly, US EPA September 24, 2003 Seattle, Washington InLCA/LCM 2003

  2. Steps in Decision-Making Process • Congress empowers EPA to set regulations through the Clean Air Act (CAA) • CAA is made up of numerous sections and statutes that pertain to different emission sources (e.g., stationary, mobile sources, highway, nonroad) • Highway vehicles and engines fall under section 202 • Section 202(a)(3) requires “..the greatest degree of emission reduction available… giving appropriate consideration to cost, energy, and safety.”

  3. Tools Used in Decision Making • Technology Assessment • Cost Analysis • Fixed costs (e.g., R&D, tooling, & certification) • Variable costs (e.g., hardware & fuel changes) • MOBILE Model • Tailpipe emission factors • Emission inventories (EF, population, VMT, etc.) • baseline • control • Cost Effectiveness (e.g., cost per ton) • Air Quality Analysis • Benefits Analysis

  4. Information Needs • Emission control technology and strategies • Emission test results • Emission technology costs (i.e., hardware) • Model inputs • Population • estimated sales • registrations • VMT • surveys • studies

  5. Insights Gained • As new, cleaner advanced technologies become more prevalent, it becomes more important to understand the emission implications of large scale switches in technology and fuels • For example, energy and emission implications of switch to hydrogen and/or biofuel may be large • Hydrogen and Biofuel production pathways are very different from conventional petroleum • Hybrid and Fuel Cell Vehicles • Not considering the big picture may lead to wrong policy and regulatory decisions • Life-cycle analysis could be very beneficial

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