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Leveraging Library Knowledge in a Web Environment

This presentation explores ways to leverage library knowledge organization systems in a web environment, demonstrating their value and releasing their potential. It also discusses the challenges and opportunities of digital libraries and the interconnected library environment.

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Leveraging Library Knowledge in a Web Environment

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  1. Terms and conditions …libraries, subject terminologies and the web Lorcan DempseyVP Research OCLC Opening keynote, Dewey EPC meeting,March 16, 2004

  2. My qualifications to speak on this topic …

  3. Overview

  4. Overview • Focus on the environmental ‘conditions’ in which ‘terms’ are used • Prelude … • Collections and … • Digital libraries and … • Finally …

  5. Prelude

  6. ‘Burn the catalog’ “Electronic catalogs, wherever you go in the academic world, have become a horrible crazy-quilt assemblage of incompatible interfaces and vendor-constrained listings. Working through […] a relatively small collection, you still have to navigate at least five completely different interfaces for searching. Historical epochs of data collection and cataloguing lie indigestibly atop one another.” Tim Burke, Swarthmore “I’m to the point where I think we’d be better off to just utterly erase our existing academic catalogs and forget about backwards-compatibility, lock all the vendors and librarians and scholars together in a room, and make them hammer out electronic research tools that are Amazon-plus, Amazon without the intent to sell books but with the intent of guiding users of all kinds to the books and articles and materials that they ought to find, a catalog that is a partner rather than an obstacle in the making and tracking of knowledge.” Tim Burke, Swarthmore

  7. So … • We need to find better ways • of leveraging the accumulated library investment in knowledge organization systems • of demonstrating their value • and of releasing their value in a web environment. • (OCLC Research activities)

  8. Collections

  9. Collections grid Books Journals Newspapers Gov. docs CD, DVD Maps Scores Freely-accessible web resources Open source software Newsgroup archives • Research and learning materials • ePrints/tech reports • Learning objects • Courseware • E-portfolios • Research data Special collections Rare books Local/Historical newspapers Local history materials Archives & Manuscripts, Theses & dissertations stewardship high low low uniqueness high

  10. learning materials, courseware Increase in number of courses which use course management systems 2000 2002 Change Carnegie Mellon University* 150 567 378% Denison University* 25 150 600% • Digital assets • ‘Learning objects’ • Content packages • E-portfolio • Courses [i] * Information Technology and Libraries, June 2003 (p. 80). * personal communication, Scott Siddal

  11. oclc taskforce on elearning • Diffusion of information skills and use through the learning process • Life cycle management of learning materials • Systems interaction between library and learning management systems Picture courtesy Dan Rehak, Carnegie Mellon University

  12. What is going on? Small number of established universal schemes. Many well developed disciplinary resources. A great variety … Many different controlled and vernacular vocabularies Interest in place, time, audience, coverage, … Emerging interest in SW/ontologies, … New development communities … Many different controlled and local vocabularies Interest in place, time, audience, coverage

  13. Collection directions stewardship high low Books Journals Freely-accessible web resources ? ? low uniqueness ? ? Special collections high Research and learning materials

  14. So .. Questions Warrant Functional requirements of a general classification system in new environment? Becoming more important: Mappings Local control of display and hierarchy for particular user communities Data distribution Machine-processable

  15. Digital libraries and the web

  16. Interconnected library environment • More complex library systems environment • ILS, portal, resource sharing, resolver, digital asset management, … • More complex institutional systems environment • Learning management system, university portal, local government portal, … • Growing use of shared services • Directory, identity management, trust management, …

  17. A library portal example Common services I’m looking for something through my library’s portal. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  18. Common services authentication I’m looking for something through my library’s portal. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  19. Directory: user profile Common services I’m looking for something through my library’s portal. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  20. Common services Query broker I’m looking for something through my library’s portal. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  21. Directory: service description Common services I’m looking for something through my library’s portal. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  22. Common services Content: results list I’m looking for something through my library’s portal. Wow! I should be able to find what I need in this results list. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  23. Common services I’d like to get this book. Request broker Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  24. Common services Directory: ILL policy I’d like to get this book. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  25. Directory: service description Common services I’d like to get this book. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  26. Common services I’d like to get this book. Content: circ/ILL system Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  27. Common services I need this article too. Request broker Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  28. Common services openURL resolver I need this article too. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  29. Common services Directory: local knowledge base I need this article too. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  30. Common services Directory: service description I need this article too. Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  31. Common services I need this article too. Content: article Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  32. Subject attributes         Subject  Directory: user profile Terminology service Directory: service description Directory: ILL policy Authentication Common services Directory: local knowledge base Digital assets Catalog OpenURL resolver Circ/ILL system Article db Request broker Query broker Content services Application services The User Presentation services

  33. Some other examples • Query routing (e.g. QuestionPoint) • Document routing (e.g e-prints UK)

  34. So … • Libraries need to manage many types of objects – some of which have subject attributes • We will increasingly treat vocabularies and terms as resources in their own right • Workflow integration becomes more important – services need to be available where they are needed • Metadata creation • Searching … • Data exchange and terminology services

  35. Manage many objects … Then: ‘information assets’ were primary objects of interest. Subjects, etc, were seen as attributes of assets. Systems built to reflect this. Now: We manage multiple objects, their representations and relationships: Assets Works; manifestations; copies Rights Collections Services Terms Concepts Names Places Users …

  36. Digital library objects! Web services Dataassets Place, person, subject, genre, … • Objects • Collections • Services • Terms • Users • Institutions • Rights • Schemes • Rules • Version Control • Queries

  37. Terms are resources Webulated URI for concepts, … Concepts are citable Build services on top of this Vocabulary may be manifest through several services E.g. URI for a Dewey numberInfo:ddc/22/eng//004.678 Example services Mappings Caption, etc Navigatehierarchy Validation Given a concept, return Authors ISBNs …

  38. Integrate with workflow • Multiple editing environments • Multiple searching environments • … • Growing interest in distribution of data • Protocol access • Data exchange

  39. Web services Validate Automatic class. Navigation Exchange Mapping KOS service Name authority service • Examples: • Discovery environment • Editing environmente.g Dspace Dataassets data services Object metadatarepository Application services

  40. The past is another country .. • Need to think differently – using terminologies as resources in a distributed network environment calls forward different way of thinking • Making functionality available within multiple workflows • Available through human and machine interfaces

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