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Vinayak Gagrani

Sandpiper : Black box and Gray-Box resource management for Virtual Machines Journal : Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking , 2009. Vinayak Gagrani. Introduction. Overloaded Data Center can be handled in two ways :-

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Vinayak Gagrani

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  1. Sandpiper : Black box and Gray-Box resource management for Virtual MachinesJournal : Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking, 2009 Vinayak Gagrani

  2. Introduction • Overloaded Data Center can be handled in two ways :- • Reallocation of resources within the physical machines • Migration of one or multiple VMs to distribute the load • Manual Migration is error prone and lacks immediate response • Sandpiper introduces technique for monitoring VMs: • Black Box : externally monitor VMs, without knowledge of applications executing within them • Gray Box : use metrics from OS on applications for more information • Uses prediction to decide the utilization possible in future • Uses greedy approach to decide which VMs to move around

  3. Sandpiper Archietecture

  4. Resource Provisioning • Need to estimate the additional resource requirements by VM • Black Box :- • High percentile of the tail distribution as initial estimate • VM is over using its fair share • VM is using its fair share completely , denotes less requirements • Scaling (How much to scale ?) • Gray Box :- • Better provisioning using service rate, response rate and drop rate • Applications modeled as G/G/1 queuing system • Allows to reduce the memory allocated in case its not being used fully

  5. Hotspot Detection & Mitigation • Hotspot Detection • Black box – per physical server, Gray box – per virtual server • Prolonged exceeding of hotspot (k in N) as well as next predicted value then only hotspot are marked • Conservative or Aggressive approach ( based on k and N ) • Prediction of future values using auto-regressive predictors • Hotspot Mitigation • VM Resizing • Migration • NP Hard • Capturing Multi-dimension loads – Volume of server • Migration phase • Swap phase

  6. Positives and Negatives • Positives • Very good demonstration of using one technology (live migration) into other (resource management) • Lot of figures and graphs to assist text • Very detailed description, efficient and ready to be used • Negatives • Separate machine is to be dedicated as control plane • Lot of data to be kept for predicting and profiling for each VM • Possible bottleneck (?) • Algorithms in mitigation could have been more structured • Does not describe how to determine ‘k’ lowest VSR VMs in swapping phase

  7. Points to ponder • Memory resizing in black box approach • Issues and possible solution • Quantify the load of a machine • Problem with current metric for volume • Alternatives ? • Experiments ?

  8. Future Work • Multiple Control Planes ? • Instead of one control plane use multiple planes whichinteract with each other • Utilize features of distributed computations • Remove bottleneck in monitoring(?) • Reduce chances of failure on central machine (?) • Any Other ?

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