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第十二课：吃饭

第十二课：吃饭. 酸辣汤. 白菜. 中文三. 饺子. 米饭. 家常豆腐. 饭馆. 好像. 位子. 服务员. 桌子. 点菜. 盘. 饺子. 素. 家常. 豆腐. 放. 肉. 碗. 酸辣汤. 味精. 盐. 白菜. 刚. 卖完. 青菜. 冰茶. 渴. 些. 够. 饿. 上菜　. 语法 : 一 … 也 … 不 … 都 没. This grammar pattern is used to say “not at all” or “not even one.” The sentence formula is:

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第十二课：吃饭

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  1. 第十二课：吃饭 酸辣汤 白菜 中文三 饺子 米饭 家常豆腐

  2. 饭馆

  3. 好像

  4. 位子

  5. 服务员

  6. 桌子

  7. 点菜

  8. 盘

  9. 饺子

  10. 素

  11. 家常

  12. 豆腐

  13. 放

  14. 肉

  15. 碗

  16. 酸辣汤

  17. 味精

  18. 盐

  19. 白菜

  20. 刚

  21. 卖完

  22. 青菜

  23. 冰茶

  24. 渴

  25. 些

  26. 够

  27. 饿

  28. 上菜　

  29. 语法: 一…也…不…都没 This grammar pattern is used to say “not at all” or “not even one.” The sentence formula is: Subject/Topic + 一 + Measure Word + (Object) + 也 + 不 + Verb 都 没 李友一个朋友也没有 Li You does not have a single friend 2. 爸爸今天一杯咖啡都没喝。 Dad did not have a single cup of coffee today. 3. 这些 (xie) 衬衫 (chenshan) 我一件 (jian) 也不喜欢。 I don’t like any of these shirts. 4. 哥哥的鞋，弟弟一双都不能穿。 Little brother cannot wear any of his older brother’s shoes.

  30. 联系 I do not like any of this food. 这个菜我一盘都不喜欢. My friend is much taller than me. I can’t wear any of her clothes. 我的朋友比我高得多. 她的衣服我一件不能穿. I did not smoke a single cigarette today. 我今天一个香烟 (xiangyan) 都不吸烟 (xiyan).

  31. 语法：The Adverb 多/少+ Verb + Object 多 and 少 are used to express the idea of doing something “more” or “less”. 爸爸告诉妈妈做菜的时候少放盐，多放点儿糖。 Baba gaosu Mama zuocai de shihoushao fang yan, duo fang dianr tang. 告诉= gaosu 做菜= zuocai 放= fang Dad asked Mom to add less salt and more sugar when she cooks. 上中文课多说中文，少说英文。 Shang Zhongwenke duo shuoZhongwen, shaoshuoYingwen. In Chinese class, speak more Chinese and less English.

  32. 多/少 Continued -The two adverbs used together (colloquially) can mean “how much” IE “how much money?” 1. 这本书多少钱？ How much money is this book? 2. 我可以带多少行李？ How much luggage can I bring? 3. 你多找了我一块钱。 Ni duo zhao le woyikuaiqian. You gave me one dollar too many. Another Example: -老师说要写五十个字，我写了四十五个，少写了五个。 Laoshishuoyaoxiewushigezi, woxie le sishiwuge, shaoxie le wuge. The teacher told us to write fifty characters, I wrote 45, I was 5 short.

  33. 刚 As an adverb (modifies a verb) 刚 shows that the action or change in situation took place in the incredibly recent past. *It will usually come right before the verb it is describing* *It CANNOT by followed by negative words (没，不)* *It CANNOT have了 at the end* *It CAN be followed by a duration of time*(4, 6) 1. 我刚从中国来。 4. 他刚走了两天. Wo gang cong Zhongguolai. Ta gang zou le liangtian. I just came from China. He just left two days ago. 2. 我刚洗完澡。 5. 我刚开始学中文. Wo gang xi wan zao. Wo gang kaishixueZhongwen I just finished showering. I just started studying Chinese. 3. 电影刚开始. 6. 我刚学了三个月,只会说一点儿. Dianying gang kaishi. Wo gang xue le san geyue, zhihuishuoyidian. The movie just started. I just studied three months, I can only speak a little.

  34. -刚才 is a noun used when talking about the time period shortly before the present time. *A sentence with 刚才 often ends with 了**Means “a moment ago” or “just now”*It does not NEED to be followed by a verb, but it often is* *It CAN be followed by negative words 没 and 不* (4) 1. 他刚才在这儿，我不知道他去哪儿了。 Ta gangcaizaizher, wobuzhidaotaqunar le. He was JUST here, I don’t know where he went. 2. 我朋友刚才吃了十五个饺子。Wopengyougangcai chi le shiwugejiaozi. My friend just ate 15 dumplings. 3. 你刚才去哪儿了？ Ni gangcaiqunar le? Where were you a moment ago? 4. 你为什么刚才不说? Ni weishenmegangcaibushuo? Why were you not talking? 刚才

  35. Resultative Complements *The use of an adjective or another verb comes after a verb shows the result of that (verb) action, hense “resultative” Verb 1=main verb Verb 2=resultative complement 白菜卖完了 Baicaimai wan le. The bokchoy is sold out. 那个白板你看清楚了吗？ Na gebaibannikanqingchu le ma? Did you see the whiteboard clearly? 这个字你写对了。 Zhegezinixie dui le. You wrote this character correctly.

  36. Negative Resultative Complements A negative resultuative complement is formed by placing 没 or 没有 before the main verb. Verb 1=main verb Verb 2=resultative complement Negative=没有，没 白菜还没卖完． Baicaihaimeimai wan Bok choy is not sold out yet. 那个白板我没看清楚． Na gebaibanwomeikanqingchu I did not see the whiteboard clearly. 这个字你没有写对． Zhegezinimeiyouxie dui. You did not write this character correctly.

  37. 好 as a Resultative Complement When used as a resultative complement, 好 shows that an action has been completed. 饭做好了! Fan zuohao le! The food is ready! 功课做好了. Gongkezuohao le. (I) am done with my homework. 准备好了吗？ Zhunbeihao le ma? Did (you) prepare?

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