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Drift Reduction And Nozzle Selection

Physical & Philosophical. Tools for Trainers. Drift Reduction And Nozzle Selection. Jim Wilson South Dakota State University. Introduction. Philosophical Tool #1. “They need to know that you care – Before they care what you know”. Philosophical tool #2.

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Drift Reduction And Nozzle Selection

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  1. Physical & Philosophical Tools for Trainers Drift Reduction And Nozzle Selection Jim Wilson South Dakota State University

  2. Introduction

  3. Philosophical Tool #1 “They need to know that you care – Before they care what you know”

  4. Philosophical tool #2 Applicators are hands-on people Familiar is comfortable Seaman Knapp ? Have then do something

  5. What is Drift? Movement of spray particles and vapors off-target causing less effective control and possible injury to susceptible vegetation and wildlife. Adapted from National Coalition on Drift Minimization 1997 as adopted from the AAPCO Pesticide Drift Enforcement Policy - March 1991

  6. Drift Management 101 What’s the best nozzle? It depends What are you spraying? What do you need to know?

  7. Need to Know Fungicide? Insecticide? Herbicide? Contact/systemic? Broadleaf/grass Small vs large plants Canopy?

  8. Need to Know One nozzle will not work well for all When managing drift Use the biggest droplet (w/ least fines) That will do the job

  9. Sprayer Factors Affecting Droplets that You Control } Nozzle orifice size Pressure at nozzle tip Nozzle type Release height droplet size

  10. How do you manage drift? • Droplet size • Droplet size • Droplet size

  11. (Droplet) Size Matters All droplets not created equal Droplets < 150 microns contribute most to droplet drift Droplets ~200 – 250 are target for fungicides

  12. Cutting Droplet Size in Half one droplet = eight droplets 250 Microns 250 Microns 500 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns 250 Microns

  13. ↑ What’s the Differencebetween 200 vs 250u 250 Microns 200 Microns

  14. ↑ Droplet Size X ~1.26 = 2X weight 200 Microns 250 Microns 158 Microns 200 Microns = 2 X weight 200 Microns 250 Microns 200 Microns 158 Microns = 2 X volume

  15. How are Nozzles categorized? ASAE 572 Droplet size standard Makes life easier

  16. Differences in Micron sizes Don’t get hung up on u Based on reference nozzle Differences in droplet analyzing equip Category size should be similar

  17. Some Factors Affecting Drift Temperature & humidity

  18. Evaporation of Droplets High Relative Humidity Low Temperature Low Relative Humidity High Temperature Fall Distance Wind

  19. Some Factors Affecting Deposition Temperature & humidity Air movement (direction and velocity) - meter Air stability crop canopy micro-inversions

  20. How do we pick anozzle? What are you spraying? Know droplet categories Start with nozzle chart What fits travel speed/pressure Calibrate

  21. Glyphosate Applications? Coarse or larger droplets for most applications should give good control

  22. Flat Fan ASAE Categories example

  23. Nozzle Technology? What’s the difference?? Improved drop size control Emphasis on ‘Spray Quality’

  24. Turbulence chamber nozzle (TurboTeejet)

  25. Air/Induction – Venturi Nozzle: • Spraying Systems AI TeeJet • Air intake venturi section • Mixing Chamber - air and spray solution blended • Exit orifice - Pattern tip - forms large air-bubble drops Improved coverage ?? Adequate efficacy ?? Reduced drift? YES!!!

  26. Source: Successful Farming – Feb. 2004

  27. Air Induction Droplet Categories (example)

  28. Differences in Air Induction?

  29. Drift Reducing Agents increase viscosity/reduce driftable fines ? additional cost vs. drift reduction may also affect pattern may be different w/different A.I.s

  30. New Nozzles?That’s Too Expensive! • The right nozzle may be the most important component on your sprayer • The wrong nozzles will make the most expensive sprayer operate poorly What is the cost of drift? What is the cost of poor control?

  31. Strategies to Reduce Drift Select nozzle to increase drop size Increase flow rates – higher application volumes Use proper pressures Use lower spray (boom) heights Avoid adverse weather conditions Consider using new technologies: drift reduction nozzles

  32. Nozzle Selection Summary Use biggest droplets that will do job Manage sprayer to manage droplets One nozzle won’t do it all

  33. FS 919 Choosing Drift Reducing Nozzles http://agbiopubs.sdstate.edu Search for “Nozzles” Out of Print

  34. Questions Some Slides provided by: Dr. Robert E. Wolf Ext. Agricultural Engineer Kansas State University

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