Welcome

1. Welcome to the presentation on Population, Planning and Priorities Presented by – M.D. Lele, Chief Planner, CIDCO

2. Relevance at the occasion • Request to speak on “Challenges of urban settlements and • CIDCO’s experience ” • PPP in vogue. Why not speak on other 3P’s…People, Planning • and Priorities to solve Problems • Given the state of the nation today, temptation to add POLITICS • So many P’s at a time on a public platform may create ??.. • Problems!

3. India Today • Adding an Australia every year i.e. about 20 million ! • Outnumber the Chinese by 2041 • How the housing shortage (constantly pegged at 24 million)remains • static! Are we really matching the pace, I wonder at times ! • The rate of urbanization in India will accelerate by leaps and • bounds and Maharashtra will continue to top the chart • 35 million plus cities in India in 2001 and the figure may • cross the century mark in 2 more decades, leaving urban • planners at the receiving end !

4. Hypothesis • Urban Population exploding, next 3 decades will see • 50% population • Need to plan for them to provide good living conditions • Since resources are limited, we need to prioritize • As the growth is rapid, appropriate policies and • prioritization is must

5. The eternal triangle Population The City Planning Priorities Politics for development or one upmanship ?

6. The eternal triangle - Relationship • People living in the cities are affected by the planning/policies • of the ULBs • Planning of the ULBs addresses the city problems and are • based on available resources • Resources are limited; Manpower, Money, Material and • Management and not the least TIME. Hence prioritization is • required • Land : Indispensable and valuable resource • Challenge is to judiciously assign activity/use to land • The policies framed should benefit the people with optimum • use of resources

7. Where do we begin ? • Let’s first have enough planners to deal with the myriad • problems • Plan for more planning schools and development of • associated human resources • 2 new Planning Schools have become functional at Bhopal • and Vijaywada • CEPT University at Ahmedabad runs the M.Tech course in • Infrastructure Planning. • Planning courses at undergraduate level and infrastructure • management at PG level in institutes. • Thus our priorities are right !

8. City Planning • The most used tool by planners – Development Plan • Development Plan – 20 years perspective • Facilities/Utilities – Gestation period, long lasting • Planning objectives must address people’s requirements • and aspirations • Failure to recognize them fails the plan (Encroachments, • Unauthorized layouts, Undeveloped SF – PU) • Dual approach – Whole to part and part to whole • Need for ‘Short Term Action Plans’

9. Planning – Decision making matrix • The Three Es while allocating resources including land • Economy • Equity • Environment • Competing cities - Chennai, Gurgaon, Pune • Competing uses - Malls, Multiplexes, Schools • Environment – Can we ignore it to compete and • provide more lucrative uses ? • Inclusive approach for city’s sustenance – being • inorganic

10. Attributes of Planning/Plan • Futuristic vision • Proper assessment of problems • Flexibility in approach – Structure Plan • Provision of space to accommodate future • requirements /trends, contingencies • Pragmatic policies

11. Attributes of Population • The plan must cater requirements of all population • classes viz. Children, Under-privileged, Physically Challenged, • Aged, Homeless, Cosmopolitan, etc. • The push-pull migration factor • Distinct shift towards cities • Productivity of cities • Equal opportunity for all to prosper

12. Attributes of Policies • Each city is unique and has its own characteristics • Ground realities • Understanding of how people live • What the city needs • What the people need • Centrally prepared policies - Single solution not workable • Issues and solutions should be identified locally • Best public interest of maximum number of beneficiaries • Comprehensive approach after identifying all influencing • factors and likely fall-outs

13. Attributes of Priorities • Long-term benefit over short-term pain • To extend the benefits to the under-privileged/ • vulnerable • Scarce resources, hence imperative to get priorities • right • Decision taken – Asset created, if unused all resources • wasted, precious time lost

14. Failure in Implementation of plans • Only upto 20% of DP proposals could be implemented • Lack of resources • Political will • Lack of vision • Litigations about land/contracts • Mismatches between needs and priorities

15. Reasons for poor services • Population pressure • Absence of long term planning • Governance Issues • Inadequate cost recovery • Precarious financial position of ULBs • Poor operation and maintenance of assets • Inadequate capacities of assets/people

16. Rationale for JNNURM • Challenge lies in bridging the Infrastructure deficit • Backlog • Present requirement • Future needs • Creating an environment & statutory framework for smooth transition • Need a departure from Business as Usual • JNNURM: A response to this challenge • Improving O&M of assets

17. JnNURM: The Context • Urban Water Supply, Sanitation and Roads will need about 28,035 Crores for next 10 years • Urban Transport Infrastructure in cities with population more than 1 Lakh will need 207000 Crores for next 20 years • Over a seven-year period, ULBs would require investments of Rs. 1,20,536 crores. • JnNURM plans investment of Rs 50,000 crores over 7 years • To be matched by State and local governments • Rest to be raised from Private Sector Participation

18. Objectives of JNNURM 2 Ensure adequate funds to fulfil deficiencies 3 Bring about urbanisation in a dispersed manner through planned development of cities 1 Integrated development of infrastructure services in the cities JNNURM seeks to encourage reforms and fast track planned development 4 Provision of services for the urban poor 6 Secure effective linkages between asset creation & asset management to make infrastructural services self-sustaining 5 Redevelopment of old cities

19. Outcome of JNNURM Reform Agenda • Modern and transparent budgeting, accounting, financial management systems, designed and adopted for all urban services and governance functions • City-wide framework for planning and governance will be established and become operational • All urban residents will be able to obtain access to a basic level of urban services • Financially self-sustaining agencies for urban governance and service delivery will be established, through reforms to major revenue instruments • Local services and governance will be conducted in a manner that is transparent and accountable to citizens • e-Governance applications will be introduced in core functions of ULBs resulting in reduced cost and time of service delivery processes

20. Conclusion • Assess rightly the population needs • Frame pragmatic policies for inclusive development • Prioritize actions • Execute decisions • Constant Review • Because….. Planning is a continuous process!

21. Thank You