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Ch – 27 Gauss’s Law

Ch – 27 Gauss’s Law . Symmetry. A charge distribution is said to be Symmetric if the following geometric transformations cause no physical change: Translation parallel to an axis Rotation about an axis Reflection in a plane containing or perpendicular to an axis. 3 Fundamental Symmetries.

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Ch – 27 Gauss’s Law

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  1. Ch – 27 Gauss’s Law

  2. Symmetry A charge distribution is said to be Symmetric if the following geometric transformations cause no physical change: • Translation parallel to an axis • Rotation about an axis • Reflection in a plane containing or perpendicular to an axis

  3. 3 Fundamental Symmetries

  4. Stop to Think 27.1 p. 853

  5. Answer Both A and D. Why?

  6. Electric Flux The amount of electric field passing through a surface A Gaussian surface is 3-dimensional closed surface surrounding a charge or charge distribution. The electric field pattern through the surface is easy to draw if the closed surface matches the symmetry of the charge distribution inside

  7. Electric Flux • There is a outward flux through a closed surface around a net positive charge • There is an inward flux through a closed surface around a net negative charge • There is no net flux through a closed surface around a region of space with no net charge • The flux in or out of an enclosed surface is is proportional to the number of field lines inside the surface

  8. This box contains… • Only positive charge • Only negative charge • No charge • A net positive charge • A net negative charge • No net charge

  9. Answer 5 – more field lines going in than going out

  10. Area Vector • A vector with the magnitude of the surface area and the direction normal to the surface • The area vector is always directed outward from a closed surface

  11. Electric flux of a constant electric field Ф = E cosθ

  12. Electric Flux of a nonuniform field

  13. The 2 cases we will be evaluating 1. If the electric field is everywhere tangent to a surface, the electric flux through the surface is 0. 2. If the electric field is everywhere perpendicular to a surface and has the same magnitude E at every point, the electric flux through the surface is EA.

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