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Chapter 11: Biological Membranes and Transport

Chapter 11: Biological Membranes and Transport. Membranes are much more than just phospholipid. Lipid aggregates. Biological membrane composition. Membrane integral proteins. Computer algorithms are fairly descent at predicting the TM regions within membrane integral protein sequences.

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Chapter 11: Biological Membranes and Transport

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  1. Chapter 11: Biological Membranes and Transport

  2. Membranes are much more than just phospholipid

  3. Lipid aggregates

  4. Biological membrane composition

  5. Membrane integral proteins

  6. Computer algorithms are fairly descent at predicting the TM regions within membrane integral protein sequences

  7. Membrane integral proteins

  8. Fluid mosaic model

  9. Fluid mosaic model

  10. Biological transport via vesicle-membrane fusion

  11. Kinetics vs. thermodynamics of transport Ionophore = chemistry’s Trojan horse.

  12. Diffusion = high to low concentration!

  13. Other types of biological transport

  14. The 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry “for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes”

  15. The potassium channel is an ingenious solution to selectively allowing for potassium, but not sodium transport

  16. 7TMs = GPCRs

  17. Beta-barrel proteins

  18. Three general classes of transport systems

  19. The neurotransmitter/sodium symporter protein family Yamashita et al., Nature437, 215-223, 2005.

  20. Phylogenomics of the NSS protein family Livesay et al., BMC Bioinformatics 8, 397, 2007.

  21. outward open ->occluded ->inward open This scheme is fairly common Model of glucose transport into erythrocytes by GluT

  22. Active transport uses ATP hydrolysis to go against the concentration gradient

  23. Oxidative phosphorylation synthesizes ATP, which is driven by the flux of H+ with the concentration gradient ATPase

  24. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and the bacterial periplasmic binding proteins (bPBPs) -- Extracellular -- -- Periplasm -- -- Cytosol -- bPBP Transmembrane domains bPBP ATP-binding domains Substrate

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