Communications Infrastructure Security, Access & Restoration

1. Communications Infrastructure Security, Access & Restoration Bruce Allan, Chairman November 6, 2003

2. Charter of CommunicationsInfrastructure Working Group • Address the risks and vulnerabilities of our nation's television, radio, multi-channel video, microwave, and satellite infrastructure in the event of terrorist attack, natural disaster or other manmade catastrophe. • Assess current security and restoration capabilities to identify best practices, needed enhancements, and recommended changes. • Review current media infrastructure redundancy within and between each industry segment. • Evaluate the impact of digital technology on security, infrastructure redundancy, and service restoration. 2

3. Working Group Organization • Task Forces Chair • Prevention Glenn Reitmeier, NBC • Restoration Bob Seidel, CBS • Future Technologies/ Ira Goldstone, Tribune • Digital Solutions

4. Media Survey 4

5. Radio Radio TV TV Cable Cable 13% 11% 7% Radio TV Cable Media Survey – Key Findings • Have Rehearsed Their Disaster Recovery Plan • Have a Disaster Recovery Plan 71% 47% 58% 17% 15% 7% Radio TV Cable • Updated Disaster Recovery Plan After 9/11 • Have Reciprocity Agreements with Other Local Media Companies 58% 36% 11.5% 5

6. Media Survey – Key Findings • Have Secure Access Transmission Site News Origination Facilities 87% 85% 80% 72% 38% Radio TV Cable Radio TV 6

7. 54% 43% Radio TV 60% 41% Radio TV Media Survey – Key Findings • Have a Backup Transmitter and Antenna Capability • Have an Alternate Site for News/Programming • Can activate backup communication links to transmitters in 15 minutes • Back up capabilities - Cable • 76% of cable respondents receive their primary signal feed from over-the air broadcasters with • limited backup capability • 62% of the cable systems surveyed have redundant routes from headends to hubs • 88% of cable subscribers are served by headends that have access to the internet 50% 32% Radio TV 7

8. Best Practice RecommendationsPrevention • Prevention: Radio, Local Television & Cable Television: • Physical Security: • Appropriate physical security, augmented by security personnel and/or video surveillance at all key facilities. • Backup Power: • Diverse power grid sources • Backup power at key facilities • Redundant Communications: • Robust and redundant communications for external/remote news sources • Backup signal feeds to primary satellite sites. • Backup signal feeds to transmitter/hub sites. • Redundant Facilities: • Broadcasters with local news origination should have emergency origination capability at a second location (e.g. backup studio, ENG truck). • Geographically diverse backup transmitter access, if feasible. • Collaborate with colleagues and government authorities to increase site diversity and redundancy.

9. Best Practice RecommendationsPrevention • Collaborative Planning • All Local Media (e.g., Television Broadcasters, Cable Operators and Radio Broadcasters) in a market should collaborate to increase their collective geographic diversity and to establish redundant interconnections capable of supporting emergency operations. • Television broadcasters should examine the possibility of using DTV facilities as backup for analog. • Cable systems and local broadcasters in a market should work jointly to develop prevention plans. • Cable systems should have some capability to obtain news and information in an emergency situation. (May include ENG/SNG trucks, satellite links or signal reception from local television broadcasters.) • Radio broadcasters should work with television broadcasters and cable operators to establish diverse primary and backup signal feeds from local television broadcasters and cable systems for use in emergency situations.

10. Restoration Working Group • The Restoration Task Force has been charged with assessing the communications industry’s ability to restore broadcast service following a national disaster or terrorist attack • First hand experience in responding to disaster situations has provided the basis for many of the recommended Restoration Best Practices: • Hurricane Andrew (1992) • World Trade Center (2001) • N.E. Power Grid Failure (2003) • The quickest and most effective restoration process results from broadcasters having redundant facilities, emergency back-up power, and a well prepared and rehearsed recovery plan. 10

11. Best Practice RecommendationsRestoration • Restoration: • Encourage radio and television broadcasters, cable companies, direct broadcast satellite (DBS) and digital satellite radio providers to develop and implement written disaster recovery plans to deal with short-term disruptions and catastrophic failure in primary transmission and studio facilities. • Urge local stations and other media organizations to update their disaster recovery plans as events warrant, and regularly conduct emergency drills at least once annually. • Establish market-by-market restoration committees consisting of all FCC licensees, MSO’s and other electronic media including television, radio, cable DBS, digital satellite radio and telecommunications carriers.

12. Best Practice RecommendationsRestoration • Implement studio and transmitter operational reciprocity arrangements to ensure signal availability in all markets. • Develop plans for utilization of ENG trucks as emergency alternate studios, with microwave links at transmitter sites for both analog and digital services. • Create plans for alternate paths to cable headends. Alternate emergency distribution paths would include: • DTV transmitter to cable headend, down converted to NTSC. • SNG to DBS to cable headend and DBS to homes; • Cross-connecting cable systems. • Opening local-to-local DBS; • Opening local-to-local DBS service to all subscribers on an emergency basis. • Low data rate Internet links. • Portable microwave links.

13. Best Practice RecommendationsRestoration • Develop recovery timelines in situations where backup facilities exist. Stations with backup facilities should be prepared to provide service within 15 minutes of loss of primary facility. • Propose that the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) administer emergency response broadcast equipment packages. • Regional storage depots for use only in emergency situations. • Mobile recovery systems to include: • VHF, UHF, AM & FM transmission units. • Mobile generators. • 500-foot & 100-foot tower sections. • Establish federal preemption authority during declared national emergencies for replacement towers and other essential broadcast and content delivery needs. • Restore broadcast telecommunications. • Satellite phones to be available. • Stations encouraged to establish amateur radio facility in studio. • Utilize portable handheld units and alternate 450 MHz communications repeater sites.

14. Best Practice Recommendations • Future Technologies/Digital Solutions • Leverage existing digital television tool-set, including over-the-air, cable and satellite, to develop new emergency notification standards and practices. • Use of multiple video and audio channels. • Channel designation. • Close captioning. • ACAP middleware standard.

15. Working Group Calendar Jun-02 Sep-02 Dec-02 Mar-03 Jun-03 Sep-03 Dec-03 National Regional Metropolitan Define Work Tampa Model City Workshop Dec 2nd Prevention Plan Review Review Review Develop Evaluate Document Current Restoration RestorationPlan Restoration Capabilities/Deficiencies Redundancy Digital Review Digital Landscape Design Finalize Recommendations Solutions Survey Identify Issues/Solutions Work Group Aug 7th Dec 11th March 19th June 18th Sept 17th Meetings Cinti Wash Wash Wash Wash Chairman's Monthly Conference Calls Meetings Task Force Scheduled by Task Force Chairs Meetings

16. Next Steps • Participate in Tampa Model City Workshop • Finalize national level, DBS, and Satellite radio assessments • Develop disaster recovery plan template • Expand the pool of ideas and prototypes of digital applications • Complete final report by February 29th. 16