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This summary provides an overview of the aims and context of Gibson and Walk's (1960) study on the "Visual Cliff," as well as an analysis of the findings and conclusions of Langer and Rodin's (1976) study on the effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged. The summary includes discussions on the nature/nurture debate, the specific aims of each study, and the use of technical phrases. It also evaluates the strength of using a control group, the impact of the studies on changing institutional practices, the replication of findings by other research studies, and the ethical considerations of harm to the control group and lack of informed consent.
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AO1 knowledge and understanding Summarise the aims and context of Gibson, E. J. and Walk, P. D. (1960) study of the "Visual Cliff“ [12]
Markscheme AO1 • Discussion of the nature/nurture debate • Discussion of specific aims of the study. • Use of technical phrases
AO2 Analysis and Evaluation • Evaluate the findings and conclusions of Langer E & Rodin I (1976) study on the effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged. [12]
Markscheme AO2 • Strength of using a control • The study was used to change practice in institutions • Other research studies have also replicated the same findings • Ethics of harm to the control group • Ethics that no-one could offer informed consent • Many of the findings depended on the opinion of one attendant.
