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6 Perspectives

6 Perspectives. Biological. e mphasizes the influence of Biology on our behavior and mental processes l ooks at the nervous system (especially the brain) h ormones, genes (heredity). Cognitive. Emphasize role played by thoughts in determining behavior

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6 Perspectives

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  1. 6 Perspectives

  2. Biological • emphasizes the influence of Biology on our behavior and mental processes • looks at the nervous system (especially the brain) • hormones, genes (heredity)

  3. Cognitive • Emphasize role played by thoughts in determining behavior • Investigate the way people perceive information and make mental images of the world • Socrates – know thyself • Piaget – a child’s mental picture of the world grows more sophisticated over time

  4. Humanistic • Stresses the human capacity for self fulfillment • Self awareness and capacity for choices • Through self awareness, experience and choices we invent ourselves • Opposite of Behaviorists • People are basically good

  5. Maslow’s Hierarchy

  6. Psychoanalytic • Stresses influence of unconscious forces on human behavior • Dominated 1940’s-50’s thought • Sigmund Freud • Defense mechanisms • Humans are basically evil

  7. Learning • Emphasizes effects of experience on behavior • Behaviorists – people do things because of their learning histories, not conscious choice • Learning happens through repetition and reinforcement • Social Learning Theory – people learn by observing others

  8. Sociocultural • Addresses ethnicity, gender, culture, socioeconomic status • These factors influence behavior and mental processes

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