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Diabetes & Heart

Diabetes & Heart. Conventional Cardiac risk factors… superimposed on the diabetic state …. Dyslipidaemia. Hypertension. Obesity. South Asian origin. Microalbuminuria. Inactivity. …further accentuate atherosclerosis in the diabetic state…accounting for the excess Cardiac risk.

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Diabetes & Heart

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  1. Diabetes & Heart

  2. Conventional Cardiac risk factors… superimposed on the diabetic state… Dyslipidaemia Hypertension Obesity South Asian origin Microalbuminuria Inactivity …further accentuate atherosclerosis in the diabetic state…accounting for the excess Cardiac risk

  3. Smooth muscle cell Endothelial cell Platelet Why does diabetes predispose to atherosclerosis? Metabolic abnormalities…in diabetes High blood sugar High lipid Insulin resistance Alter the normal function of 3 different cell lines ARTERY …and their destruction leads to atherosclerosis

  4. Heart Attack Which patient is at greater risk of future attack? A typical Type 2 diabetic An attack survivor

  5. Risk Factors and C.H.D. Cholesterol. Smoking. Hypertension. Adapted from : Stamler; Diabetes Care,12,573 (1989)

  6. Heart AttackEqual risk A typical Type 2 diabetic Without heart problem An attack survivor

  7. Atherosclerosis in T2DM • ~80% of all people with Diabetes dying • 75% from coronary atherosclerosis • 25% from cerebral or peripheral vascular disease • >75% of all hospitalizations are for diabetic complications. National Diabetes Data Group. Diabetes in America. 2nd ed. NIH;1995.

  8. Death after MI Herlitz J et al, Acta Med Scand 1988

  9. Managing Diabetes : 4 Cardinal Rules for the Patient 1. Follow a healthy meal plan 2. Regular exercise 3. Take your medication 4. Test your blood glucose regularly

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