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The Vietnam War Era

The Vietnam War Era. French Indochina. The French ruled Vietnam since late 1800’s French made lots of $$ in Indochina exporting rubber and rice Area included Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos Ho Chi Minh (Communist) wanted an independent country. Asia French Indochina.

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The Vietnam War Era

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  1. The Vietnam War Era

  2. French Indochina • The French ruled Vietnam since late 1800’s • French made lots of $$ in Indochina exporting rubber and rice • Area included Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos • Ho Chi Minh (Communist) wanted an independent country

  3. Asia French Indochina

  4. World War II in Indochina • Japan invaded Indochina – Ho Chi Minh and other revolutionaries fought the Japanese • U.S. gov’t supported Ho Chi Minh • After WWII: France wanted colony back; Ho Chi Minh & others want independence

  5. Communism Spreads • China fell to the Communists in 1949 • U.S. concerned about Communism spreading elsewhere • French fought the Viet Minh Communists in Indochina

  6. The French fight the Vietnamese • Vietnam wants independence • U.S. aids the French – giving them money and supplies • U.S. wants to stop the spread of Communism • U.S. also expects France’s support against Soviets in Europe

  7. The “Domino” Theory • The U.S. believes that if one country fell to Communism, other nearby countries would become Communist also – like dominoes

  8. French are Defeated • French army loses to Viet Minh forces at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu • French are forced to leave Vietnam • Geneva Accords made division of Vietnam at 17°N latitude • Ho Chi Minh rules the North • Ngo Dinh Diem rules the South

  9. Ngo Dinh Diem rules South Vietnam • Anti-Communist / anti-Ho Chi Minh • Didn’t establish democracy like he had promised • Corrupt government • Never wins the support of the people • Opposed by South Vietnamese Communists (The Viet Cong)

  10. The Viet Cong Oppose Diem - Diem’s govt. in South Vietnam wasn’t democratic, but was corrupt, oppressive, and unpopular - Viet Cong – nickname for South Vietnamese Communists who opposed Diem Buddhist monk sets himself on fire in protest against South Vietnam’s government

  11. Viet Cong use the “Ho Chi Minh Trail” Viet Cong fought to overthrow Diem’s govt. and reunite the nation all of Vietnam under communist rule - Ho Chi Minh Trail – supply line that started in North Vietnam and went through neighbor nations Laos and Cambodia used to supply the Viet Cong

  12. Diem Government Fails • U.S. Gov’t told Diem to make political, economic, and military reforms – he refused to do so • Military coup overthrew Diem in November 1963 • Leaders of the coup had Diem killed • U.S. now doesn’t have a stable ally in South Vietnam • Only days later, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas – meaning the problem of Vietnam was passed to the new President - Lyndon Johnson

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