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Chapter 1 Project Management Concepts

Chapter 1 Project Management Concepts. Learning Objectives. Definition of a project and its attributes Key constraints within which a project must be managed How a project is “born” Life of a project Steps involved in the project management process Benefits of project management. 2. 2.

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Chapter 1 Project Management Concepts

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  1. Chapter 1Project Management Concepts

  2. Learning Objectives • Definition of a project and its attributes • Key constraints within which a project must be managed • How a project is “born” • Life of a project • Steps involved in the project management process • Benefits of project management 2 2

  3. Real World Example • Vignette: Beach Town Cleanup – Avila Beach in California • The popular beach and the town’s business district had been contaminated by underground pipes from a petroleum facility. • Project management techniques were used to restore the streets, all major utilities, and the beach itself. • The remediation project was completed five months ahead of schedule! 3 3

  4. Real World Example • Vignette: The Department of Energy • Project – build the world’s largest laser to monitor and maintain nuclear warheads • Project costs soar $350 million above original estimates • Project completion delayed by two years • “Clearly we had a major project management surprise!” 4

  5. Project, Defined • A project is an endeavor to accomplish a specific objective through a unique set of interrelated tasks and the effective utilization of resources. 5

  6. Attributes of a Project • Has a well-defined objective • Composed of a series of interdependent tasks • Utilizes various resources • Has a specific time frame • Has a customer • Involves a degree of uncertainty 6

  7. Examples of Projects • Planning a wedding • Designing and implementing a computer system • Hosting a holiday party • Designing and producing a brochure • Executing an environmental clean-up of a contaminated site • Holding a high school reunion • Performing a series of surgeries on an accident victim 7

  8. Constraints • Scope • Cost • Schedule • Customer satisfaction 8

  9. Unforeseen Circumstances • Unforeseen circumstances may jeopardize achievement of the project objective. • The challenge facing the project manager is to prevent, anticipate, and/or overcome such circumstances. 9

  10. The Project Life Cycle • Projects are “born” when a need is identified by the customer. • Project life cycles vary in length, from a few weeks to several years. • Not all projects formally go through all four phases of the project life cycle. 10

  11. Phases of the Project Life Cycle 1 • The first phase involves the identification of a need, problem, or opportunity. • The need and requirements are usually written by the customer into a document called a request for proposal (RFP). 11

  12. Phases of the Project Life Cycle 2 • The second phase is the development of a proposed solution to the need or problem. • This phase results in the submission of a proposal. • The customer and the winning contractor negotiate and sign a contract (agreement). 12

  13. Phases of the Project Life Cycle 3 • The third phase is performing the project. • Different types of resources are utilized • Results in the accomplishment of the project objective 13

  14. Phases of the Project Life Cycle 4 • The final phase is terminating the project. • Perform close-out activities • Evaluate performance • Invite customer feedback 14

  15. The Project Management Process • The project management process means planning the work and then working the plan. 15

  16. The Project Management Process (Cont.) • Clearly define the project objective. • Divide and subdivide the project. • Define the specific activities that need to be performed. • Graphically portray the activities in a network diagram. 16

  17. The Project Management Process (Cont.) • Make a time estimate. • Make a cost estimate. • Calculate a project schedule and budget. 17

  18. Controlling Projects • Establish a baseline plan. • Monitor progress. • Measure actual progress and compare it to planned progress. • Take corrective action if the project is behind schedule, overrunning the budget, or not meeting technical specifications. 18

  19. Benefits of Project Management • Satisfied customers • Additional business • Expansion of career opportunities • Satisfaction of being on a winning team • Improved knowledge and skills When projects are successful, everybody WINS 19

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