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Legal issues of open source licenses. Matthias Van hoogenbemt ICRI – K.U.Leuven - IBBT. Overview. IPR and software Software Directive Other methodes of protection Open source licenses Background Risks Licenses: pro and contra. IPR and Software. Software Directive (91/250/EEC)
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Legal issues of open source licenses Matthias Van hoogenbemt ICRI – K.U.Leuven - IBBT
Overview • IPR and software • Software Directive • Other methodes of protection • Open source licenses • Background • Risks • Licenses: pro and contra
IPR and Software • Software Directive (91/250/EEC) • Object and conditions? • Who is an author? • Beneficiaries of protection? • Rights?
Software Directive (1) • Object? • No definition • Preparatory design material • Algorithms, routines, code • Literary works • Conditions? • The author’s own intellectual creation
Software Directive (2) • Who is an author? • Natural person • Joint authorship • Joint works • Collective works • Employee
Software Directive (3) • Beneficiaries of protection • Rights • Reproduction • Distribution • Translation, adaptation, arrangement, alteration
Software Directive (4) • Exceptions • Error correction • Back-up copies • Observation, study and testing • Decompilation? • Remedies • Extent • Conclusions
Other mechanisms • Patent protection • EU vs USA • Competition Law • Contract Law
Overview • IPR and software • Software Directive • Other methods of protection • Open source licenses • Background • Risks • Licenses: pro and contra
Open Source Licenses (1) • Background • Free vs. Open source software • Risks • Consequences
Open Source Licenses (2)GPL Advantages • Use, copying,… is free • Use does not require permission • ‘intelligent’ disclaimer • (v3) 30 days Disadvantages • Copyleft: ‘viral’ • (v3) TiVo clause • (v3) New terms • v2 and v3 not compatible
Open Source Licenses (3)MPL Advantages • Legally sound • Disclaimer of warranty • Limitation of liability • Less ‘viral’ • Distribution • Modification • 30 days Disadvantages • Copyleft: modifications
Open Source Licenses (4)LGPL Advantages • Less obligations • Less ‘viral’ • Suitable for libraries Disadvantages • Very technical license • Use not encouraged by GNU project
Advantages Almost no obligations Notice Source does not have to be distributed Compatible with other OS licenses Open Source Licenses (5)BSD • Disadvantages • No copyleft • Disclaimer
Advantages Almost no obligations Trademark protection Source does not have to be distributed Compatible with other OS licenses Open Source Licenses (6)Apache • Disadvantages • No copyleft
Conlusions • Advantages • Intention will determine the choice • Use vs. Development • Use caution
Questions? Matthias Van hoogenbemt ICRI – K.U.Leuven – IBBT Sint-Michielsstraat 6 – 3000 Leuven Matthias.vanhoogenbemt@law.kuleuven.be