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Chapter 10: Population Dynamics

Chapter 10: Population Dynamics. Dispersal. Age Structure. A. B. 13. Survivorship. Metapopulation. D. C. E) Population Growth. 12. t. N t = N o e rt. N t = N o. 1. 2. 3. 4. Consequences? Why?. Sea Lamprey Invasion. Sea Lamprey Invasion. 1.

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Chapter 10: Population Dynamics

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  1. Chapter 10: Population Dynamics Dispersal Age Structure A B 13 Survivorship Metapopulation D C

  2. E) Population Growth 12 t Nt = Noert Nt = No

  3. 1 2

  4. 3

  5. 4

  6. Consequences? Why?

  7. Sea Lamprey Invasion

  8. Sea Lamprey Invasion 1

  9. Lamprey and Lake Trout Populations http://www.nature.com/nchembio/journal/v1/n6/images/nchembio1105-316-F1.gif

  10. 5 Chinch Bug (Blissus leucopterus)

  11. 6

  12. Fig. 14-10 in Ricklefs 2000

  13. Populations are Dynamic!! 7

  14. POPULATION SIZE (N) 8 d b 9

  15. POPULATION SIZE (N) 10 i - immigration DISPERSAL e - emmigration

  16. = f (b, d, i, e) N

  17. “The Wild, Wacky World of Dispersal” Fig. 10.2 in Molles 2008

  18. Dispersal: Animal Vectors 5 4 5

  19. Dispersal: Explosive 7 8 Zygomycete Fungus: Pilobolus

  20. Dispersal: Natal 12 11

  21. Dispersal: Drift Fremont Cottonwood

  22. Dispersal: Drift

  23. Colonization Cycle Fig. 10.8 in Molles 2008

  24. Colonization Cycle: Rio Claro, Costa Rica Fig. 10.9 in Molles 2008

  25. Measuring Dispersal Rates 22 23 24 2

  26. Measuring Dispersal Rates 26 27 28

  27. Expanding Populations (Anthropogenic Factors) European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) 12

  28. Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors) European Honeybee Hybrid: Africanized Honey Bee African Honeybee Queen Apis melifera

  29. Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors) Africanized Honey Bee Fig. 10.1 in Molles 2008

  30. Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors) Green Alga Pest: Caulerpa

  31. Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors) Jacques Cousteau Institue (Monaco)

  32. Expanding Populations: Anthropogenic Factors Eurasian Collared Dove: Introduction into Bahamas: mid-1970s 2

  33. Expanding Populations (NON-Anthropogenic Factors) Eurasian Collared Dove: Spread into Europe from Turkey after 1900 Fig. 10.3 in Molles 2006

  34. Expanding Populations: Non-Anthropogenic Factors 10 11 12 Mechanism: Natal Dispersal

  35. Rates of Expansion Fig. 10.5 in Molles 2006

  36. Dispersal in Response to Climate Change Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) 13 14

  37. ~ 20,000 Years Ago

  38. Dispersal in Response to Climate Change Fig. 10.8 in Molles 2008

  39. DISPERSAL: Response to Short-Term Changes in Food Abundance European Kestrel (Falcotinnunculus) Voles (Microtis sp.)

  40. NUMERICAL RESPONSE Change in Predator Population Density In Response to Prey Population Density Fig. 10.7 in Molles 2006

  41. NUMERICAL RESPONSE MECHANISM: Increased Reproduction OR Increased Dispersal 15 16

  42. Metapopulation (Subpopulations living on Habitat Patches connected by Exchange of Individuals among Patches) 18 Rocky Mountain Parnassian Butterfly (Parnassius smintheus) 19

  43. 18 20 Alpine Meadow Habitat

  44. Patch Size and Population Density 22 Fig. 10.11 in Molles 2008 (Butteflies More Likely to Disperse from Large than Small Patches) (Patch Size has Decreased by 77% since 1952)

  45. Metapopulations and Conservation Management

  46. 1 http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/ inv_spp_summ/petromyzon_marinus5.JPG 2 http://flickr.com/photos/clbrannan/434745581/&usg=__TO6bcIHgjW65pqa XDwW_0acrf2Y=&h=375&w=500&sz=95&hl=en&start=20&tbnid=ohqI0m QF-Py3IM:&tbnh=98&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dturtle%2Bnotched %2Bshell%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG 3 http://www.tiem.utk.edu/~mmfuller/WebDocs/HTMLfiles/collared-dove.html &usg=__TAlqcRFEO2Ln-BJiQeXqY7S6q-w=&h=629&w=579&sz=140&hl=en& start=29&um=1&tbnid=-4in4-eY61RRpM:&tbnh=137&tbnw=126&prev=/images %3Fq%3Deurasian%2Bcollared%2Bdistribution%2Bunited%2Bstates%26start %3D20%26ndsp%3D20%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN 4 http://parish-wildlife.org.uk/images/Pictures/Visits/Bealsmill/fox%20poo.jpg 5 http://www.ontariowildflower.com/images/common_burdock_seed.jpg 6 http://www.finchester.org/dogs/dog_diary/uploaded_images/CRW_3865BurIn Fur_cn-797464.jpg 7 http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/16cm05/1116/31-08-Pilobolus.jpg 8 http://bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au/Mycology/images/Topics/Animal_Interactions/ Pilobolus2.jpg

  47. 9 http://fungalgenomes.org/blog/wpcontent/uploads/2008/09/pone-03-09-moneycut.jpg 10 http://www.hamiltonnature.org/birds/images/CollaredDove1.jpg 11 http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3122/3122330699_0bb43a42c0.jpg 12 http://www.le.ac.uk/ge/genie/vgec/images/bacteria.jpg 13 http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/42906000/jpg/_42906379_6.jpg

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