Cartoon A Cartoon B Cartoon C Snapshot

1. Cartoon A Cartoon B Cartoon C Snapshot On the back of the paper, explain the message each cartoonist is trying to convey (express) and list all the symbols which helped you understand the cartoonists’ message.

2. The Age of Imperialism I. Imperialism: When one country takes over another country or region to exert economic, militarily and or politically.

3. II. Causes of American Imperialism Question: America went from being an isolationist nation to a world power in 30 short years. How & why did this happen? • A shrinking market must expand: Industrialists were looking for new markets to sell their products. The beginnings of a global economy! • Economic competition: European countries like England, France and Germany already had control of foreign territories (like China and Africa). • Imperialism was just an extension of “manifest destiny”. Now that the U.S. reached from coast to coast, it only made since for Americans to continue to reach out and conquer new territories. • Social Darwinism & survival of the fittest also fits in here. • There were many who believed that the U. S. needed a stronger Navy (Alfred Mahan) and therefore needed new overseas ports for fueling and supplying those ships going to East Asia. • Helping indigenous people and spreading Christianity. If you believe that . . .

4. III. The Spanish American War (1898) A. How did the war begin? • Jingoists: those who seek war to enhance their nation’s honor (& profits) • Yellow Journalism: Newspapers that overstated facts and tried to stir the emotions so citizens would want war. • The sinking of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor. 260 American Sailors died. Shortly thereafter, the U. S. declares war on Spain (which controlled Cuba). The main objective of the war was to free Cubans from Spanish control.

5. III. The Spanish American War (1898) B. What did the U. S. get from “the Splendid Little War”? 1. control of Cuba and Puerto Rico 2. control of the Philippines 3. control of Guam

6. III. The Spanish American War (1898) C. Theodore Roosevelt (TR) gets famous: His “Rough Riders” charged up San Juan Hill in Cuba made TR famous. However, he & his men would have died if it were not for the real heroics of the 24th & 25th Negro Infantry regiments (the Buffalo Soldiers).

7. IV. Territories the U.S. Acquired • Hawaii was acquired (annexation) thanks to that pineapple guy (Sanford Dole). 1898 • Somao was also annexed in 1899

8. IV. Territories the U.S. Acquired C. Increased control of China thanks to the “Open Door Policy”. China was really controlled by Russia, Germany, France, England and Japan. The U. S. wanted an equal slice of the “China” pie, so the US asserts that it also has claim to China with its “Open Door” statement. Secretary of State John Hay created the policy.

9. V. American Diplomacy during the Age of Imperialism A. TR (b/c Pres in 1901 until 1908) • Roosevelt Corollary: TR wanted South American countries to behave themselves. If you don’t treat American banks and investors nicely, we might have to invade your country!! “Speak softly, but carry a big stick!” • Great White Fleet: TR sent the U.S. Navy on a world tour to show other nations how strong the U.S. military really was • Panama Canal: the Spanish American War proved to many that a canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans was badly needed. Of course, the U. S. must control this canal, so TR helps Panamanians rebel against the Columbians. Then Panama declares its independence. US and the new nation of Panama agree on the terms for the Panama Canal.

10. V. American Diplomacy during the Age of Imperialism B. William Taft: “Dollar Diplomacy”: he wanted businessmen to invest in South American & East Asian countries. It worked well in the Caribbean, but not in East Asia.