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Josefina Braña Varela, Carlos Muñoz Piña INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ECOLOG ÍA

Program for the Payment of Hidrological Environmental Services of Forests: Implementation and targetting 2003-2005. Josefina Braña Varela, Carlos Muñoz Piña INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ECOLOG ÍA. Program’s Objective.

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Josefina Braña Varela, Carlos Muñoz Piña INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ECOLOG ÍA

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  1. Program for the Payment of Hidrological Environmental Services of Forests: Implementation and targetting 2003-2005 Josefina Braña Varela, Carlos Muñoz Piña INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ECOLOGÍA

  2. Program’s Objective • Stop the deforestation that threatens those forests critical for watershed-related environmental services in Mexico • Foster the development of local markets for environmental services By Paying land owners to preserve forest land and avoid its transformation for other uses, such as: agriculture and cattle raising.

  3. Rules of Operation for PSAH (2003-2005) Forests important for water With potential future clients Good quality Forests & & Overexploited acquifers 80% cover Cities > 5K or High water scarcity zones Priority Mountains Providing other environmental services? or H related natural disasters Natural protected areas

  4. Challenges for PES • Unexpected success: Three times as many applicatons as funds. (Excess demand) • Lets look at the actual targetting

  5. Targetting: • By type of forests • By type of environmental service • By level of poverty • By risk of deforestation • Important: voluntary program implies selfselection.

  6. Type of forest

  7. Targetting types of forests

  8. Overexploited aquifers

  9. Aquifers

  10. Surface water scarcity

  11. Water scarcity

  12. Poverty

  13. Targetting poverty

  14. SEEKING EFFICIENCY • Objetive: Maximize protection of environmental services through avoiding deforestation • Efficiency: Maximize value to fee-payers through avoiding maximum hectares deforested at minimum cost, within budget constraint.

  15. How to measure real risk of deforestation? • Main driving force: land use changes. • More profitable agricultural and cattle ranching activities. • Short term horizon caused by poverty (Guevara:2002). • Specific patterns identified through econometrics: transport cost, slope, potential ag yields.

  16. Land use changes and distance to market 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 15 75 135 195 255 315 375 435 495 555 615 675+ MINUTOS Primario conservado Secundario regenerado Primario degradado Primario deforestado Secundario sin cambio Secundario deforestado

  17. Land use changes and slope

  18. Risk of deforestation

  19. Targetting: risk of deforestation

  20. Ejercicio de priorización

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