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Satellite and Modeling Synergies: Organic Aerosol, Ammonia, Colorado Fires and African Dust

Satellite and Modeling Synergies: Organic Aerosol, Ammonia, Colorado Fires and African Dust. Colette L. Heald Maria Val Martin, Bonne Ford, David A. Ridley. Fall AGU Meeting December 4, 2012.

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Satellite and Modeling Synergies: Organic Aerosol, Ammonia, Colorado Fires and African Dust

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  1. Satellite and Modeling Synergies:Organic Aerosol, Ammonia, Colorado Fires and African Dust Colette L. Heald Maria Val Martin, Bonne Ford, David A. Ridley Fall AGU Meeting December 4, 2012 Acknowledgements:Lieven Clarisse, Daniel Hurtmans, Martin van Damme, Cathy Clerbaux, Pierre-Francois Coheur

  2. CHALLENGE: GLOBAL HETEROGENITY OF AEROSOLSSOLUTION: SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS! GEOS-5 10 km aerosol model Many first order problems with aerosols (how much? what sources?) challenging to address because of the short lifetimes and varying properties of particles in the atmosphere. http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_2393.html

  3. USING SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS TO CONSTRAIN THE GLOBAL BUDGET OF ORGANIC AEROSOL TgC/yr Summer MISR AOD Simulated AOD from OTHER aerosol Residual = Organic Aerosol Satellite measurements indicate that total OA source is capped at 150 TgC/yr (at lower end of previous estimate) This is still 3 times what is currently included in models. [Heald et al., 2010b] More on constraining OA, see Qi Chen’s talk (A52E-06): Friday @ 11:35am

  4. IS OA CONTRIBUTING TO CLIMATE TRENDS IN SE US? Portmann et al. [2009] suggest cooling over the E. US (1950 to present) associated with biogenic aerosol. Goldstein et al. [2009] show large AOD enhancement over SE in summer. DJF JJA CALIOP GEOS-Chem Strong seasonality seen in satellite AOD, but not surface PM2.5. Resolved with aerosol aloft (confirmed by CALIOP) – inorganic or organic? SENEX 2013! For more see Bonne Ford’s poster (A21C-0069) earlier today! [Ford and Heald, submitted]

  5. DUST FROM NORTH AFRICA: IMPACTING AQ AND THE BIOSPHERE DOWN-WIND, TOUGH TO EVALUATE Simulated decrease in AOD Observed Saharan size distribution Modify sub-micron size distribution of simulated dust to match observations [Haywood et al., 2003] Seasonally averaged AOD along Atlantic outflow transects • Eliminate bias in AOD (compared to MODIS & MISR) by improving size distribution • Model removes too much dust during transport in spring/winter. Reveals that deposition estimates to Amazon are likely a lower limit! [Ridley et al., 2012] For follow-on work see Dave Ridley’s poster (A23F-0291) now!

  6. 2012: MOST DESTRUCTIVE FIRES IN COLORADO HISTORY, WITH AIR QUALITY IMPLICATIONS High Park Fire (June 2012) Waldo Canyon Fire (July 2012) Preliminary hourly/daily PM2.5 and Satellite AOD over 10 Colorado sites 2012 EPA daily PM2.5 standard Many local exceedances of daily PM2.5 standard (over 100 µg/m3 measured in Fort Collins!) Satellite AOD tracks surface PM observations

  7. LARGE AOD ANOMALIES ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH LOCAL AND TRANSPORTED SMOKE MODIS Terra AOD anomalies June 2002 August 2012 MT, WY, ID, WA Fires CA Station Fire (2009) AZ, CA Fires AZ Wallow Fire (2011) High Park and Waldo Fires Hayman Fire [val Martin et al., in prep]

  8. AMMONIA: AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF PM, BUT CHALLENGING TO CONSTRAIN New satellite measurements from IASI offer unprecedented monitoring of NH3. Comparison with GEOs-Chem reveals springtime underestimate of emissions in the Midwest and year-round underestimate in the Central Valley of California. For more on ammonia in California see Luke Schiferl’s talk (B34E-07): Wednesday @ 5:30pm [Heald et al., 2012]

  9. Satellite observations providing unprecedented constraints on emissions, transport and budgets of aerosols, particularly those NOT associated with anthropogenic activities (mobile, power) that are toughest to estimate.

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