Mental Health & Suicide

1. Mental Health & Suicide Cindy Smail, Loss Control ConsultantMarsh Risk Consulting

2. Student Suicide Stats • Suicide is the second leading cause of death for college students, unintentional injury is the first. • 1 in 4 students treated for mental health disorder in past year. 1 in 5 thought about suicide with 9% reported having attempted suicide. • Issue elevated in sexual minorities, particularly transgender students with 2 in 3 reporting self-injury and more than 1 in 3 attempting suicide. Bisexual students reported 1 in 4 attempted suicide. • More prevalent among undergraduate students than graduate students. • A survey of college counseling centers showed 86% of students who died by suicide didn’t seek campus counseling services prior to their death. • University counseling centers have a client dropout rate of 30%. Early dropout has negative consequences. Source: American Association of Suicidology, College Students & Suicide Fact Sheet, 2016 and The Prevalence and predictor of mental health diagnoses and suicide among U.S. college students: Implications for addressing disparities in service use, Depression and Anxiety, The Official Journal of ADAA, Sept. 6, 2018. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/da.22830

3. New Environment New or Ongoing Mental Illness, Especially Anxiety & Depression History of Abuse or Trauma Support System & Social Network Loss New Challenges Interpersonal Difficulties Lacking Coping Skills Academic Stress Substance Experimentation & Abuse Pressure to Succeed Insomnia Fear of Mental Health Stigma Impulsivity Feelings of Isolation Source: American Association of Suicidology, College Students & Suicide Fact Sheet, 2016

4. Protective Factors Source: American Association of Suicidology, College Students & Suicide Fact Sheet, 2016

5. Steady Increase in Counseling for Mental Health Source: Center for Collegiate Mental Health 2017 Annual Report, Penn State, http://ccmh.psu.edu/publications/

6. Suicidal Issues on the Increase Of those that attended counseling… Source: Center for Collegiate Mental Health 2017 Annual Report, Penn State, http://ccmh.psu.edu/publications/

7. Why Are So Many in Need of Services? • First generation of students entering college with diagnosed mental illness. • More students feel free to request aid, mental health stigma decreasing. • Mental health treatment has improved. Students who may not have been able to attend college previously are now able to attend with treatment. • Student diversity has increased so there is a more diverse need. More students are attending from lower income backgrounds or identify as minorities or LGBT. • Student Stress Increasing: • Debt • Concerns about future job/salary • Immense pressure to succeed • Social media

8. Mental Health a Top Concern • The need for mental health services has shot up and is an issue of supply and demand. • Sixty-six percent of student affairs administrators identified mental health as their top concern. • Over the past six years, counseling center resources devoted to “rapid access” increased by 28%, on average. Source: More and More Students Need Mental Health Services. But Colleges Struggle to Keep Up, Caroline Simon, USA Today, May 4, 2017, https://www.usatoday.com/story/college/2017/05/04/more-and-more-students-need-mental-health-services-but-colleges-struggle-to-keep-up/37431099/ and Center for Collegiate Mental Health 2017 Annual Report, Penn State, http://ccmh.psu.edu/publications/

9. Servicing Challenges Funding & financial constraints Not enough counselors to provide support needed

10. Campus Practices

11. Student Staffed/Led Involvement

12. Carrier Concerns… • Not currently claims concerns with M.U.S.I.C. members. • Potential is parents will sue because they feel the institution didn’t take care of their child. • Recommends members communicate with parents telling them the institution communicates with the student and not parents. • Institution provided clinical care provides potential medical professional risk. Claims can result in high settlements as institutions may be hesitant to defend their practices in front of a jury.

13. Cannabis – Ontario and Michigan In both college and high school students, perception of how dangerous cannabis is has decreased and college student use has been steadily rising for the past couple of decades. • Reasons for decreased perception of danger: • Wide adoption of medical use • Continued discussion on legalizing recreational use • Negative messaging on social media is rare Source: College High: Students Are Using More Marijuana, Fewer Opioids, National Public Radio, Ahgus Chen, National Public Radio, https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/09/09/493130349/college-high-students-are-using-more-marijuana-fewer-opioids

14. Potential Impacts of Cannabis Use on Mental Health Source: Reducing Cannabis Harms: A Guide for Ontario Campuses, Centre for Innovation in Campus Mental Health, Cannabis and Mental Health, https://campusmentalhealth.ca/toolkits/cannabis/cannabis-use-on-campus/cannabis-mental-health/

15. M.U.S.I.C. Suicide Prevention Member Sites

16. Resources

17. Additional References • Student-led Mental Health Initiatives Shift Supports on Campus, CBC News, Aug. 28, 2018, https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/student-mental-health-1.4802134. • More and More Students Need Mental Health Services. But Colleges Struggle to Keep Up, USA Today, May 4, 2018, https://www.usatoday.com/story/college/2017/05/04/more-and-more-students-need-mental-health-services-but-colleges-struggle-to-keep-up/37431099/ • Center for Collegiate Mental Health 2017 Annual Report, Penn State, http://ccmh.psu.edu/publications/

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