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Forensic Ballistics: Solving Crimes with Firearm Identification

Explore the science of ballistic forensics and firearm identification to understand how rifling markings on bullets and casings help solve crimes. Learn about class characteristics of bullets and cartridge cases from various manufacturers.

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Forensic Ballistics: Solving Crimes with Firearm Identification

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  1. BALLISTICS

  2. FIREARM IDENTIFICATION • A discipline mainly concerned with determining whether a bullet or cartridge was fired by a particular weapon

  3. RIFLING • Lands and Grooves leave marks on bullets called Rifling

  4. How is this Used to Solve Crimes? • The Striations (Lands and Grooves) of the bullets and casings found at the scene of a crime are compared under a microscope with that of a test fired bullet. • These are created when the barrel is rifled. No two gun barrels have the exact same markings.

  5. Class Characteristics of Bullets Different gun manufacturers use different rifling techniques, which impact the class characteristics of a bullet. • Number of lands and grooves • Width of lands and grooves • Depth of lands and grooves • Pitch • Twist Right Twist Left Twist

  6. Class Characteristics of Cartridge Cases • Manufacture ( i.e.. Winchester) • Shape ( i.e.. rimless, rimmed ) • Caliber ( i.e.. 45 ACP, 9mm, 12gauge) • Composition ( i.e.. brass, steel, plastic)

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