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STATISTICS

STATISTICS. Some vocab . Statistics is the art of solving problems and answering questions by collecting and analysing data. Data are the facts or information we collect and analyze. (plural) ( note datum is the singular term)

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STATISTICS

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  1. STATISTICS

  2. Some vocab • Statisticsis the art of solving problems and answering questions by collecting and analysing data. • Data are the facts or information we collect and analyze. (plural) • (note datum is the singular term) • Data set- a list of unorganized data. Often called the raw data

  3. Raw Data • .....just the numbers

  4. Statistical Investigation • Step 1: Examining a problem which might be solved using data and asking questions (how many students ride bikes to school) • Step 2: Collecting the data • Step 3: Organising the data. • Step 4: Summarising and displaying the data. • Step 5: Analysing the data, and making a conclusion • Step 6: Writing a report (presenting your findings)

  5. Census/Sample • A census is a method which involves collecting data about EVERY individual in a whole population. • A sample is a method which involves collecting data about a part of thepopulation. • Not as detailed or accurate as census, but easier.

  6. Problems with a sample Question: Are you good at climbing trees? A sample can be biased if the data has been unfairly influedned in the collection process. A biased sample won’t represent the whole population

  7. Other problems • Question:Do Americans • like cheese burgers??? • I am American. • I like cheese burgers. • There fore ALL Americans like cheeseburgers. • Valid argument?!?! Could use Logic! • A sample must be sufficiently large to represent the whole population

  8. Variables in Statistics • Categorical variable – describes qualities or characteristics. Can be divided into categories. • The information is called categorical data. • Examples. • Getting to school: Bus, train, bike, car, walking. • Color of eyes:

  9. Variables in statistics • Quantitative variable- has a numerical value, and is often called a numerical variable. • The information collected is callednumerical data. • Can be discrete or continuous. • A quantitative discrete variable takes exact number values. (Think counting) • Examples. Number of people in a house hold • The score out of 30 on a test • The number of sunny days in Stavanger. 1,2,3,4,.....

  10. Variables in Statistics • A quantitative continuous variable takes numerical values within a certian CONTINOUS range. (think measuring) • Examples. • The weights of new born babies • The heights of 9th grade students • Time

  11. What do you think? • Classify the following variables as categorical, quantitative discrete, or quantitative continous. • A. The brand of shoes a person wears • B. The number of cousins a person has • C. The temperature of my coffee • D. The number of cars a household owns • E. The voting intention at the next election • F. Cost of houses on a street • G. Height of 11th graders • H. Favorite type of food • I. Town or city where a person was born

  12. Presenting and Interpreting Categorical Data

  13. What is the PERCENTAGE of the pie I have eaten (estimate)

  14. Presenting and Interpreting Numerical Data • Freqency= number of times the data occurs • Mode= most frequently occuring data

  15. Presenting and Interpreting Data

  16. Presenting and Interpreting Data

  17. Presenting and Interpreting Data

  18. The Distribution of Data • (going to lunch)

  19. Outliers

  20. Interesting Statistics • http://www.worldometers.info/ • http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/ • http://www.babynamewizard.com/voyager#ms=false&exact=false • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7137462.stm

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