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Wave-Particle Duality

Wave-Particle Duality. 27-7. Photoelectric Effect, Compton Effect – particle nature of light established Interference, Diffraction, Refraction – wave nature of light established. Experimental Basis. Light *acts* as a particle Light *acts* as a wave NOT Light *is* a particle

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Wave-Particle Duality

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  1. Wave-Particle Duality 27-7

  2. Photoelectric Effect, Compton Effect – particle nature of light established • Interference, Diffraction, Refraction – wave nature of light established Experimental Basis

  3. Light *acts* as a particle • Light *acts* as a wave • NOT Light *is* a particle • NOT Light *is* a wave Models

  4. 1927 – Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Theory – Niels Bohr • An object can have several properties and they may be contradictory • You can only see one aspect of light at a time • If it’s acting as a wave it cannot act as a particle • If it’s acting as a particle… Complementarity

  5. (More)Wave Nature of Matter 27-8

  6. If waves like light can have a particle nature, can completely solid particles have a wave nature? • de Broglie says yes • λ = h/p = h/mv v << c • p = mov(1-v2/c2)-1/2 v→c • de Broglie waves are NOT EM waves • c =/= λf • 1927 GP Thompson detected diffraction of electrons de Broglie Wavelength

  7. Particle? • Wave? • Charge Carrier? • Elementary Particle? • Bertrand Russell – The electron is a logical construction Nature of the Electron

  8. Early Models of the Atom 27-10

  9. Plum Pudding Model

  10. 1911 Ernest Rutherford – New Zealand • Radioactive source of αparticles • Very thin gold foil • Circular (moveable) fluorescent screen • Expected most going through unmolested • Positive charge was diffuse (pudding) • Electrons much less massive than ∝ particle Ruthorford’s Gold Foil

  11. Rutherford’s Gold Foil

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