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Food Plant Design Guide for FST 409 Course

This course guide covers concepts, principles, and feasibility of food plant design, emphasizing economic evaluation and profitability. Study stages, feasibility issues, and plant economics are explored in depth.

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Food Plant Design Guide for FST 409 Course

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  1. University of Agriculture, AbeokutaDepartment of Food Science and Technology Course guide on Food Plant Design and Pilot Demonstration (FST 409)

  2. Synopsis • Concept of a food plant • Plant design concepts • Definitions • Process design • Optimal design principles • Sanitary design • General appreciation of the food industry and various plant facility need • Design principles • Feasibility study • Site selection • Plant economics and profitability

  3. Concept of a Food Plant • Food plant as physical entity • Conversion processes in a food plant • Energy consumption and cost • Waste generation • Human expertise need • Life cycle of a plant

  4. Plant design concepts • Design as an idea generation exercise • Fitness to a purpose • Enormity of task depends on the intended scale of operation of the plant • Food Plant design as a multidisciplinary project • Coordinated by a Food Engineer/Food Technologist • Team may involve all or some of the following: Civil, Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Electrical Engineer, Accountants, Architects, Quantity Surveyor, Economists, etc.

  5. Definitions • Food process • Process simulation • Process optimization • Process instrumentation and control • Food plant sanitation

  6. Stages in plant design • Inception • Preliminary evaluation of economics and market • Development of data necessary for final design • Final economic evaluation • Detailed engineering design • Procurement • Erection • Startup and trial runs • Production

  7. The Food Industry • The producers • The processors • The marketers • The consumers

  8. Plant Design Principles • Material Flow • Sanitary Design • Site Location • Design for People

  9. Feasibility studies • Types, definitions and goals: • Technical • Economic • Viability of a project

  10. Issues in Technical Feasibility Study • Raw material requirement • Labor requirement • Equipment and facility requirement • Technology • Process flow • Facility construction and material suitability • Land suitability • Climatic consideration • Energy and utilities • Transportation

  11. Issues in economic feasibility • Projected expenditures on the design project • Capital • Recurrent • Projected incomes • Sales • Services • Projected profits • Time value of money

  12. Plant economics • Asset values • Initial value • Salvage value • Scrap value • Present value: • book value • market value • replacement value

  13. Plant economics contd. • Types of depreciation: • Physical • Functional • Depletion • Purpose of depreciation cost • Methods of calculating depreciation: • Straight line • Declining balance • Sum-of-the-year-digit • Sinking fund • Present worth

  14. Plant economics contd. • Profitability defined • Profitability evaluation methods: • Rate of return • Discounted cash flow • Net present worth • Capitalized costs • Payout period

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