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BIOMETRICS

BIOMETRICS. Karthiknathan Srinivasan Sanchit Aggarwal. Overview. What is Biometrics? Measures Biometric System Modes of Operation Modules Types of Biometric Recognition Applications Advantages/Disadvantages. What is Biometrics?. Methods of identifying a person based on

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BIOMETRICS

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  1. BIOMETRICS KarthiknathanSrinivasan Sanchit Aggarwal

  2. Overview • What is Biometrics? • Measures • Biometric System • Modes of Operation • Modules • Types of Biometric Recognition • Applications • Advantages/Disadvantages

  3. What is Biometrics? Methods of identifying a person based on Physiological or Behavioral characteristic. • Physiological- Hand or finger images, facial characteristic, speak verification, iris recognition. • Behavioral- Dynamic Signature Verification and Keystroke Dynamics.

  4. What Biological Measures Qualify to be a Biometric • Universality- Each person should have the characteristic. • Distinctiveness- Two persons should be different in terms of characteristics. • Permanence- Characteristic should be invariant of time. • Collectability- Characteristic should be measured Quantitatively.

  5. Biometric Systems A biometric system is a pattern recognition system that operates by • Acquiring Biometric data from an Individual. • Extracting Feature Set from the Data. • Comparing the Feature Set with the Template in the Database.

  6. Operation Modes Of Biometrics There are two modes of operation. • Verification Mode • Identification Mode. • Depending on the Application Context, Biometric System can work either on Verification Mode or in Identification Mode.

  7. Block Diagram of Enrollment, Verification, Identification Phase

  8. Operational Modes Contd. • In Verification mode, the system validates the person’s identity by comparing the captured biometric data with the template stored in the database. This template is stored in the Enrollment phase. • In Identification mode the system identifies the person by searching the templates of all users in the database for a match. One to many Comparison.

  9. Modules needed to build a Biometric System • Sensor module • Feature Extraction module • Matcher Module • System Database Module

  10. Sensor Module- It captures the Biometric data of an Individual. An example can be a Fingerprint Sensor. • Feature Extraction Module- Here the obtained biometric data of an Individual is processed to extract features. Example can be the Local ridge feature extraction from a Fingerprint. • Matcher Module- Here the features extracted during the above phase are matched against the templates stored in the database. • System Database Module- Used to Store Biometric templates of the users enrolled. The enrollment module is responsible for Enrolling Individuals to the database.

  11. Types of Biometric Recognition Common Techniques • Fingerprint Recognition • Face Recognition • Voice Recognition • Iris Recognition • Hand Geometry • Signature Verification

  12. Other Techniques • Keystroke • Ear Geometry • Lip Motion • Thermograms • Retina Recognition

  13. Fingerprint Recognition • Taking an image of a person’s fingertips and storing the characteristics. • Includes pattern matching • Ridges • Whorls • Arches • Furrows

  14. Iris Recognition • Camera technology • Infrared illumination • Mathematical-pattern recognition techniques

  15. Facial Recognition • Recording face images through a digital video camera. • Analyzing facial characteristics like the distance between eyes, nose, mouth and jaw edges.

  16. Applications • ATMs • Computer Login • Online Banking • National Security • Elections • Criminal Investigation • Identification of missing people

  17. Advantages • Easy to maintain • More robust than ID Cards, Passwords, PIN numbers, etc. • Cannot be stolen or forgotten • Single biometric protection for multiple logins

  18. Disadvantages • It can be very expensive • The pattern matching might be inaccurate due to environmental conditions • The stored biometric data might be vulnerable to malicious attacks • Reproduction of biometric data by other people

  19. QUESTIONS?

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