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Figure 3. Percent lesion volume for all experimental groups. Average lesion size for each group calculated from cresyl violet-stained sections through entire lesioned area. Sham-only group was significantly different from all groups (p < 0.01). No significant differences were found among three other controlled cortical impact (CCI) groups. Error bars represent standard error. NH = normal housing, SD = sleep deprivation. Riechers RG, Shuster JL, Bryan KJ, Burant CJ, Ball SL. Prior housing conditions and sleep loss may affect recovery from brain injury in rats: A pilot study. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2013;50(4):455–62.http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2012.04.0061