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Understanding Mixtures & Pure Substances in Science

Dive into the world of matter with this informative note on elements, compounds, mixtures, and solutions. Learn about pure substances, their properties, and the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.

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Understanding Mixtures & Pure Substances in Science

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  1. Agenda Tuesday, 9/13 Day 2 1. Please have these Items on your desk. ScienceStarters Sheet Reading Note Card Phase Change W.S. Critical and Non-Critical information 2- Fill out your Agenda. What are the top 5 critical ideas that are on your notecard? Share with your shoulder partner. Put a star by the non-critical answers that you and your shoulder partner have the same. Whole group: Highlight the answer on your notecard that you have the same as shown under the document camera.

  2. Table of Contents Update • Page 35 9/13 Mixtures & Solutions (Solute/Solvent)

  3. MATTER Pure Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Homogeneous Heterogeneous Particle: Atom Ex: O, H, Na, C Parts not visible, evenly mixed Ex: Salt water, air,coffee Visibly different parts Ex: Salt + pepper, Water + sand Particle: Molecule Ex: H2O, NaCl, CO2

  4. PURE SUBSTANCES • Single kind of matter • Specific composition • Specific Properties • Elements and Compounds • Examples: CO2 Water Gold

  5. ELEMENTS • Most basic form of matter • Cannot be seperated or broken down • 116 elements in the Periodic Table • http://www.chemicool.com • Represented by symbols • O, H, Fe, Au, He, Ne, C • Smallest particle - atom

  6. Carbon (Coal and diamonds) Examples • Mercury Oxygen

  7. Compounds • 2 or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio • Can only be separated by chemical methodselectrolysis of water • Represented by a formula • Smallest particle- molecule

  8. Examples • watersalt (sodium chloride) ammonia (NH4) rust (iron oxide) chalk (calcium carbonate) sugar (glucose)

  9. MIXTURES • 2 or more substances, combined, but NOT chemically • Can be separated by physical means

  10. Homogeneous mixtures • Evenly distributed particles • Particles NOT visible • The prefix: "homo"- indicates the same • Have the same uniform appearance and composition throughout • Examples: • AirSolutions (salt water) Alloys

  11. Heterogeneous mixtures • Visibly different parts • The prefix: "hetero"- indicates difference • Examples: Salt and pepper Rice Soup Pizza Sulfur and iron

  12. Mixtures and Solutions Solute and Solvent

  13. Definitions • Solute- The part of a solution present in a lesser amount and dissolved by the solvent. • Solvent-The part of a solution that is present in the largest amount and dissolves a solute.

  14. Mixtures Heterogeneous materials - can see two parts Homogeneous materialscan see only one thing - one set of properties Homogeneous mixtures They’re mixed together so well you only see one thing – it looks pure but it isn’t Pure substances You can only see one thing because there is only one kind of particle in it. Mechanical Mixture Solution

  15. Review Solutions • Are solutions homogeneous or heterogeneous? • Homogeneous • Are solutions mixtures or pure substances? • Mixtures • What kind of states can a solution be? • Solid, liquid, or gas • What are the two “s” words that every solution must have? • A solute and a solvent

  16. In a salt water solution… • Is salt the solute or the solvent? • Solute • Is water the solute or the solvent? • Solvent • What does the solute do? • Gets dissolved • What does the solvent do? • Does the dissolving

  17. A Salt Water Solution Solute (salt) Animation Solvent (water)

  18. Dissolving

  19. Solution Worksheet solute solute solute solute solute solute solute solute solvent solvent solvent solvent solvent solvent solvent solvent

  20. Solution Worksheet SOLUTION 8. Minerals Water Hard Water 9. Water Sugar Maple Syrup 10. Acetic Acid Water Vinegar 11. Salt Water Ocean Water 12. Zinc Copper Brass 13. Water Air Humid Air solute solute solute solute solute solute solute solute solvent solvent solvent solvent solvent solvent solvent solvent

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