The World Wars

1. The World Wars World War I (1914-1918) World War II (1939-1945) In what ways were they connected? How is it like dominoes? video 2 video

2. Alliances WORLD WAR I The Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary The Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain How did all this come about? Rivalries and Nationalism Each European power guarded their status Status = high standing, rank, or prestige A Powder Keg Waiting to Ignite

3. Alliances WORLD WAR I The Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary The Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain The intended purpose of an alliance was to promote peace by creating powerful combinations that no one would dare attack. In the end, they had the opposite effect!

4. WORLD WAR I How did it all begin?

5. Rivalries and Nationalism WORLD WAR I Each European power guarded their status British Empire x 10 people and x 100 the area Plus Two old empires struggling to survive Austria-Hungary Ottoman- Turkey “The sun never sets on the British Empire.”

6. Rivalries and Nationalism WORLD WAR I • Economic Rivalries • Germany was the newest of the great powers • Rapidly becoming economic and military powerhouse German Confederation (gray) around 1820 Prussia (blue) Austria-Hungary (yellow)

7. Rivalries and Nationalism WORLD WAR I • Economic Rivalries • Each time Germany did something to gain territory or influence, Britain and France would strengthen their ties against Germany TENSIONS CONTINUE TO GROW German navy begins to rival Britain’s -new weapons matched-

8. Rivalries and Nationalism WORLD WAR I GLORIFICATION OF THE MILITARY The military paints war in romantic colors… blaring trumpets, dashing cavalry charges

9. Rivalries and Nationalism WORLD WAR I Nationalism strong in France and Germany • German pride in their new empire’s military power and industrial leadership • Russia sponsors Pan-Slavism, dreams of creating a South Slav state

10. The Powder Keg Ignites WORLD WAR I Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary visits Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia Ferdinand was heir to throne in Austria. Many Serbia nationalists angry about his visit.

11. The Powder Keg Ignites WORLD WAR I Austria issues ultimatum ! To avoid war, Serbia must… End all anti-Austrian agitation Punish any Serbian official involved in the plot Allow Austria to join in the investigation Serbia agrees to most, but not all, of the terms of Austria’s ultimatum

12. The Powder Keg Ignites WORLD WAR I July 28, 1914 Austria declares war on Serbia Alliances Kick In “The fuse has been lit!”

13. Alliances lead to WAR WORLD WAR I The Call to Arms! The Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary THE CENTRAL POWERS:Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary The Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain The ALLIES:France, Russia, Britain

14. THE CALL TO ARMS! WORLD WAR I

15. Reaction to the War WORLD WAR I “Get ‘er done!” Countries wanted quick response Most marched through neutral countries in order to encircle and crush the opposition New Weapons & Trench Warfare Military leaders insisted they mobilize forces immediately to accomplish their military goals. This made negotiations next to impossible!

16. IN THE AFTERMATH WORLD WAR I Russia Revolution in 1917 forces their withdrawal from the war The Communist Party takes control of Russia shortly thereafter Following the war, Treaty of Versailles is signed and the conflict stops

17. IN THE AFTERMATH WORLD WAR I Treaty of Versailles is very hard on Germany- forced to disarm, give up territory, and pay war damages to Allies Picking up the pieces: millions of men, women & children die, and entire cities destroyed European map changes Germany changes from monarchy to republic