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(a). (b). Effects of Annealing. SEM surface morphology of porous alumina substrates sputtered with 20 nm Ni. (a) As sputtered smooth surface before annealing. (b) After annealing at 500 o C under H 2 for two hours.
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(a) (b) Effects of Annealing • SEM surface morphology of porous alumina substrates sputtered with 20 nm Ni. • (a) As sputtered smooth surface before annealing. • (b) After annealing at 500oC under H2 for two hours. • The continuous nickel thin film transformed to uniformly distributed nano-sized particles.
(d) (c) (e) Effects of Annealing (cont.) (c), (d) CNTs grown without annealing (e) CNTs grown after annealing