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Temperature

Temperature. March 6, 2014. What is temperature?. Measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object Can hot and cold be used to describe temperature? No, how hot is hot and how cold is cold? Hot and cold are relative terms, not true measurements of heat.

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Temperature

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  1. Temperature March 6, 2014

  2. What is temperature? • Measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object • Can hot and cold be used to describe temperature? • No, how hot is hot and how cold is cold? • Hot and cold are relative terms, not true measurements of heat

  3. How is temperature measured? • Science uses 3 different scales to measure the average kinetic energy • 1. Celsius – based on boiling and freezing points of water (0 and 100 degrees celsius) • 2. Fahrenheit – based on water freezing at 32 degrees and boiling at 212 degrees • 3. Kelvin – based on absolute zero, temperature at which all kinetic energy stops (-459F)

  4. What happens to matter when it heats up? • Expansion – as matter is heated, the molecules begin to move more rapidly taking up more space • Use cracks in sidewalks and joints in bridges to allow expansion and contraction without breaking

  5. How can expansion be useful at home? • Thermostats – use a metal (bimetallic strip) that expands when it heats up and turns on AC, when cool it contracts turning on the heat.

  6. Conductors and insulators, what’s the difference? • Conductors – allow the flow of heat easily • Ex. Iron, steel, and aluminum • Helpful in cooking food or boiling water Insulators – prevent the flow of heat ex. Wood, plastic, cloth or ceramic Useful in moving hot objects without being burned

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