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Engineering Principle #1: Neutral Buoyancy & Stability

Weight (W) – Measure of the gravitational force on an object (not submerged). W. Buoyancy (B) - Upward force exerted by a liquid on an immersed or floating object . Engineering Principle #1: Neutral Buoyancy & Stability. B.

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Engineering Principle #1: Neutral Buoyancy & Stability

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  1. Weight (W) – Measure of the gravitational force on an object (not submerged) W • Buoyancy (B) - Upward force exerted by a liquid on an immersed or floating object. Engineering Principle #1: Neutral Buoyancy & Stability B • Neutrally Buoyant - An object that will neither sink nor float. W = B B W = B W • Center of Buoyancy (CB) – Center of gravity of the displaced fluid. Float • Center of Gravity (CG) – Point where the weight of the entire body can be considered to act. Weight Design Goal: Nearly Neutrally Buoyant with CB above CG.

  2. Thrust (T) – Force that moves an object. T • Friction (R) – Resistance to motion. (Tape, wax, plastic container, warping due to heat) • Revolutions per minute (rpm) – Number of turns in a minute. Engineering Principle #2: Propulsion Motor part number 232022: No load: 12500 rpm Max efficiency: 9820 rmp. Construction Goal: RMP before construction = RMP after construction. T Design Goal: Undisturbed flow to propeller

  3. Drag (D) – Resistance of motion through a medium. T Improved Engineering Principle #3: Drag Standard Drag (D) = (Drag Coefficient) (Area) (Velocity)2 USS Albacore (AGSS 569) Design Goal: Minimize Drag

  4. A. Turns (usually 2 motors) Engineering Principle #4: Maneuverability Improved Standard B. Dive/Surface (usually 1 motor) For maneuverability with a single motor, it must be located near the midpoint of the line between the CG and CB. T Design Goal: Match degree of maneuverability with mission.

  5. Fnet = (Mass)total (Acceleration) Mass – The amount of material. Acceleration – Rate of change of velocity. Fnet = Thrust (T) – Drag (D) Engineering Principle #5: Motion (Newton 2nd L:aw) (Mass)total = Mass of vehicle plus added mass of water moving with vehicle. F net Design Goal: Maximize acceleration (Minimize total mass) while ensuring stability.

  6. Identify Problem Identify criteria & constraints Brainstorm solutions Engineering Design Flowchart Select an approach Build prototype Test Yes Modify? No Done

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