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Pyrimidines and Purines

N. N. N. N. N. N H. Pyrimidines and Purines. Pyrimidine and purine are the names of the parent compounds of two types of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compounds. Pyrimidine. Purine. O. O. CH 3. H N. H N. O. O. N H. N H. Important Pyrimidines.

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Pyrimidines and Purines

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  1. N N N N N N H Pyrimidines and Purines • Pyrimidine and purine are the names of the parent compounds of two types of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compounds. Pyrimidine Purine

  2. O O CH3 HN HN O O NH NH Important Pyrimidines • Pyrimidines that occur in DNA are cytosine and thymine. Cytosine and uracil are the pyrimidines in RNA. NH2 HN O NH Uracil Thymine Cytosine

  3. NH2 O N N HN N NH NH H2N N N Important Purines • Adenine and guanine are the principal purines of both DNA and RNA. Adenine Guanine

  4. O O CH3 CH3 H3C N N N HN N O O N N N CH3 CH3 Caffeine Theobromine Caffeine and Theobromine • Caffeine (coffee) and theobromine (coffee and tea) are naturally occurring purines.

  5. 27.24Nucleosides

  6. NH2 N N N N HOCH2 O HO OH Uridine and Adenosine • Uridine and adenosine are pyrimidine and purine nucleosides respectively of D-ribofuranose. Uridine (a pyrimidine nucleoside) Adenosine (a purine nucleoside)

  7. 27.25Nucleotides

  8. Nucleotides • Nucleotides are phosphoric acid esters of nucleosides.

  9. NH2 N N O N N OCH2 HO P O HO HO OH Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate (AMP) • Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) is also called 5'-adenylic acid.

  10. NH2 N N O N N OCH2 HO P O HO HO OH Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate (AMP) • Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) is also called 5'-adenylic acid. 5' 1' 4' 3' 2'

  11. NH2 N N O O N N OCH2 O HO P P O HO HO HO OH Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)

  12. NH2 N N O O O N N OCH2 O HO O P P P O HO HO HO HO OH Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

  13. NH2 N N N N CH2 O O O P O OH HO Adenosine 3'-5'-Cyclic Monophosphate (cAMP) • Cyclic AMP is an important regulator of many biological processes.

  14. 27.26Nucleic Acids

  15. Nucleic Acids • Nucleic acids are polymeric nucleotides (polynucleotides). • 5' Oxygen of one nucleotide is linked to the 3' oxygen of another.

  16. Fig. 27.22 • A section of a polynucleotide chain.

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