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European Settlement: Plymouth Colony (GA: SSUSH 1b, 1e)

European Settlement: Plymouth Colony (GA: SSUSH 1b, 1e). The Plymouth Colony. “The Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, Mass., Dec. 22 nd , 1620,” Lithograph, Published by Currier & Ives, c1876. TIME / GEOGRAPHY. Plymouth Colony. Plymouth Colony. RELIGIOUS. Pilgrims. Calvinism

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European Settlement: Plymouth Colony (GA: SSUSH 1b, 1e)

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  1. European Settlement: Plymouth Colony(GA: SSUSH 1b, 1e)

  2. The Plymouth Colony “The Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, Mass., Dec. 22nd, 1620,” Lithograph, Published by Currier & Ives, c1876.

  3. TIME / GEOGRAPHY

  4. Plymouth Colony

  5. Plymouth Colony

  6. RELIGIOUS

  7. Pilgrims • Calvinism • A Protestant form of Christian theology by John Calvin • Argues for an omnipotent (all-powerful) God • God chooses who goes to “Heaven” and who goes to “Hell” • Church of England (Anglicanism) • Created during the Reformation as a “middle-way” between Protestantism and Catholicism Thomas Cranmer (1489–1556),archbishop of Canterbury and principal author of the first two Books of Common Prayer Sixteenth-century portrait of John Calvin (1509- 1564) by an unknown artist

  8. Pilgrims Anglicanism + Calvinism + Primitivism =Puritans • Primitivism (primitive + ism) • A consequence of the Protestant Reformation • The idea that the earliest (most primitive) form of Christianity is the correct form Mural painting from the catacomb of Commodilla, Rome. Bust of Christ, c. 4th Century. William Brewster (c. 1560–1643) was a Pilgrim colonist leader and preacher

  9. Pilgrims • Pilgrims believed that the Church of England was beyond fixing • The only answer was to leave and start a better form of Christianity • This was not received well by traditional Anglicans • The Pilgrims (then called “Separatists”) traveled to neighboring countries to find a new home and religious freedom • They decided the best place to go was the New World • 1620: 102 Pilgrims set sail for Virginia

  10. INTELLECTUAL

  11. The Mayflower

  12. The Mayflower • 1620: a group of 102 people (half Separatists) • Negotiated with the Virginia Company to settle in its jurisdiction • Non-Separatists included Captain Myles Standish • Instead of landing in Virginia the Pilgrims landed in Southern Massachusetts • Became squatters without legal right to land & specific authority to establish a govt.

  13. POLITICAL

  14. Mayflower Compact

  15. Mayflower Compact • Written and signed before the Pilgrims disembarked from the ship. • Not a constitution, but an agreement to form a crude govt. and submit to majority rule. • Signed by 41 adult males. • Led to adult male settlers meeting in assemblies to make laws in town meetings.

  16. SOCIAL

  17. Plymouth Colony • Winter of 1620-1621 • Unexpectedly hard winter Average England Winter = 35°F Average Plymouth Winter = 18°F • The Result… 44 of the 102 died.

  18. Plymouth Colony • Fall of 1621: First “Thanksgiving.” • Colony survived with fur [especially beaver], fish, and lumber

  19. ECONOMIC

  20. Plymouth Colony • Plymouth stayed small and economically unimportant. • In 1691: only 7,000 people in colony • Merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony.

  21. AESTHETIC

  22. Clothing

  23. Architecture

  24. Other Forms of Art? • Why was there no Visual or Musical Art created during the early Plymouth Colony?

  25. REVIEW

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