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Hormones and Reproduction: The Endocrine System

Learn about how the endocrine system produces and releases hormones, maintaining homeostasis, regulating blood glucose levels, and the differences between Type I and Type II Diabetes. Discover the applications of hormone use in treating endocrine disorders.

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Hormones and Reproduction: The Endocrine System

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  1. 6.6 Hormones & Reproduction

  2. Endocrine system • Produces and releases hormones • Hormones travel in the blood to target tissues • Long distance communication between cells Endocrine Glands Blood stream Hormone Target Tissue

  3. Homeostasis • Ability of the body to maintain stable internal conditions regardless of external conditions • Hypothalamus monitors the following: • Blood pH • Carbon dioxide concentration • Blood glucose concentration • Body temperature • Water balance

  4. Negative Feedback Loop • When a change in the body is detected, the body elicits are response to being the altered level back to where it was before the change.

  5. Thermoregulation • Maintaining body temperature at 98.6 degrees • Regulated by hypothalamus and thyroid

  6. Thermoregulation chart

  7. Blood glucose levels • Must be maintained within a narrow range • Regulated by the hypothalamus • Regulated by two antagonistic hormones by produced by the pancreas (pancreatic islet cells) • Alpha cells produce glucagon (increase glucose levels) • Beta cells produce insulin (decrease glucose levels)

  8. Blood Glucose Regulation

  9. Type I and Type II Diabetes • Disease where you are unable to control glucose levels • Type I • Islet cells lose their ability to produce insulin • Possible causes • Autoimmune response, viral infection or genetics • Type II • Results when cellular receptors for insulin fail to respond to the hormone • Causes • Obesity or possibly genetics • Can be reversed by diet and exercise

  10. Type I and Type II Diabetes

  11. Applications of Hormone Use • Can be used to treat or detect disorders of the endocrine system

  12. Hormone applications

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