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Characteristics of Sponges and Cnidarians

Learn about the characteristics and reproductive methods of sponges and cnidarians. Explore the diversity of these marine animals and their unique body forms.

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Characteristics of Sponges and Cnidarians

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  1. Today… • Bellringer: Are animals autotrophs or heterotrophs? Explain your answer. • Review Section 1 – What is an animal? • Notes on Sponges and Cnidarians

  2. Sponges -and- Cnidarians Science 6

  3. Today’s Goal… • I can describe the characteristics of sponges and cnidarians.

  4. Sponges • Plant or animal? • Adult sponges are sessile – remain attached to one place • Sponges can’t make their own food • About 15,000 species of sponges identified

  5. Sponges • Most live in oceans, some in freshwater • Bodies made up of two layers of cells • Filter feeders • Filter food out of the water that flows through their body

  6. Sponges • Not many animals eat sponges • Their soft bodies are supported by sharp, glass-like structures called spicules • Other sponges have a material called spongin which is similar to foam rubber and makes them soft and flexible • Some have both

  7. Sponges • Reproduction • Asexually and sexually • Asexual through budding • A bud on the side of a parent sponge develops into a small sponge or a new sponge grows from pieces of a broken sponge • One sponge can produce both egg and sperm for sexual reproduction • Figure 5 on page 502

  8. Sponges • Let’s see more about sponges!

  9. Cnidarians • Jellyfish, sea anemones, hydra, and corals • Have tentacles surrounding their mouth • Tentacles shoot out stinging cells called nematocysts to capture prey • Radial symmetry allows them to locate food in any direction

  10. Cnidarians • Hollow bodied animals with cells that are organized into tissues • Two different body forms • Polyp – vase shaped body (sea anemone and hydra) • Medusa – free-swimming, bell-shaped body (jellyfish) • Some have both these forms • Page 503

  11. Cnidarians • Produce sexually and asexually • Polyps reproduce asexually by budding • Some polyps reproduce sexually by releasing egg or sperm into water • Medusa reproduce sexually to produce polyps, then polyps reproduce asexually to form medusa • Figure 6

  12. Cnidarians • Learn more about Cnidarians!

  13. Real Pics • Sponges

  14. Real Pics • Cnidarians

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