“LABOR AND CAPITAL”

1. United States History and Literature The American Experience “LABOR AND CAPITAL”

2. PAST TO PRESENT: CAUSE AND EFFECT

3. THE “OTHER”

4. Early Labor Unions • National Labor Union • 1866-1873 • Knights of Labor • Terrence V. Powederly • Early successes • 1869-1881 • AF of L • Samuel Gompers • Skilled labor • Good and bad • Survival! Samuel Gompers

5. Labor Dilemma • Collaboration of business • vs. lack of unity in labor! • Job insecurity, physical danger, imperious role of work in life: • “Collective bargaining” and share of economic pie • Effectiveness of strikes • Role of government and courts • Role of newspapers and magazines • Community support!

6. STRIKES Homestead Strike of 1892

7. STRIKES Homestead Strike of 1892 Henry Frick

8. STRIKES

9. LABOR APOCALYPSE “But in this supreme hour the American Railway Union, undaunted, put forth its efforts to rescue Pullman’s famine-cursed wage slaves from the grasp of an employer as heartless as a stone, as remorseless as a savage and as unpitying as an incarnate fiend. The battle fought in the interest of starving men, women and children stands forth in the history of Labor’s struggles as the great ‘Pullman Strike.’ It was a battle on the part of the American Railway Union fought for a cause as holy as ever aroused the courage of brave men; it was a battle in which upon one side were men thrice armed because their cause was just, but they fought against the combined power of corporations which by the use of money could debauch justice, and, by playing the part of incendiary, bring to their aid the military power of the government, and this solidified mass of venality, venom and vengeance constituted the foe against which the American Railway Union fought Labor’s greatest battle for humanity.” –– Eugene Debs

14. NOT GOING AWAY…!

15. J.P. Morgan John Rockefeller Andrew Carnegie