Global Impact of World War I: A Total War Era

1. The Great War1914-1918Chapter 29: S-3

2. C-29 S-3: War Affects the World • World War I spread to several continents and required the full resources of many governments • The war propelled the United States to a new position of international power, which it retains today.

3. German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare • Use of subs to sink any ships without warning that are in enemy waters • German U-boats sank 3 American ships

4. 2 German actions bring the United States into WWI • German U-boats sank three American ships • The British intercepted a German telegram to Mexico. In this telegram, German told Mexico that Germany would help Mexico “re-conquer” the land that it had lost to the United States, if Mexico would ally itself with Germany.

5. “Total War” • Young men were removed from production jobs, and were replaced by women. • Rationing occurred on the home fronts. • Women were used as nurses and in munitions factories. • The use of propaganda posters to divert all attention to the War on the home front

6. Section 3 A Global Conflict World War I spreads to several continents and requires the full resources of many governments. NEXT

7. SECTION War Affects the World Battles in Africa and Asia • Allies take control of German holdings in Asia, Africa • Britain and France use their colonial subjects to help in war effort NEXT

8. Governments Wage Total War• World War I becomes total war—nations devote all resources to war• Governments take control of economy to produce war goods• Nations turn torationing—limiting purchases of war-related goods• Propaganda—one-sided information to build morale, support for war

9. French Propaganda Postcard from World War I era showing a caricature of Kaiser Wilhelm II biting the world

10. American WWI poster: "Remember Your First Thrill of American Liberty"

13. Women working factories: Women workers, Gretna munitions factory, Scotland, 1918.

14. 'Vertical milling carrier for 60 Pdr. Howitzer', 1915-1918

15. 'Sandpapering wooden wheel felloes for ammunition wagon'

16. 'Operating Potter and Johnson Automatic Lathe...', 1915-1918

17. Russia Withdraws• Civil unrest in Russia forces czar to step down from throne in 1917• Communists soon take control of Russia’s government• Russia signs treaty with Germany in March 1918, pulls out of war • The Central Powers Collapse • • With Russia gone, Germany moves most forces to • Western Front • • Engage in major fighting; Allies force Germans to • retreat • • Allies win war; armistice—end of fighting—signed in • November 1918

18. Armistice with Germany 11-11-1918

19. How is an armistice different than surrendering? • An armistice is different from surrendering. It's the stopping of fighting so both sides find a truce. Surrendering is the declaration of defeat by one side. The winning side provides the terms of surrender.

20. Important Facts • World War I spread to several continents and required the full resources of many governments • The war propelled the United States to a new position of international power, which it retains today.

21. Important Facts • Unrestricted submarine warfare was the use of submarines to sink any ships (without warning) that are in enemy waters. • The 2 actions that brought the United States into WWI: • German U-boats sank 3 American ships • Intercepted telegram from Germany to Mexico

22. Important Facts • A total war is one in which all of a country’s resources are devoted to the war effort. • Rationing is limiting the amount of goods people can buy – often imposed in wartime by governments, when goods are in short supply.

23. Important Facts • Propaganda is information or material spread to advance a cause or to damage an opponent’s cause. • An armistice was signed on November 11, 1918 bringing WWI to an end.

24. Important Facts • Three reasons that WWI was considered to be a new kind of war. • New technologies • War on a grand and global scale • WWI left behind a landscape of death and destruction such as never seen before.