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RodDirect : Two-Dimensional Input with Stylus Knob

Explore RodDirect, a unique input method utilizing a stylus pen as a knob/cylinder for intuitive control of parameters on portable handheld devices. Learn about its applications, implementation, and experimental findings.

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RodDirect : Two-Dimensional Input with Stylus Knob

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  1. RodDirect :Two-Dimensional Input with Stylus Knob Motoki Miura and Susumu Kunifuji Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JAPAN MobileHCI2006@Espoo Finland

  2. Outline • Motivation • RodDirect • Concept • Applications • Implementation of Prototype • Experiment • Conclusion

  3. Conventional Input Devices for Portable Handhelds • Consideration of Size and Weight • Common input devices • Buttons/Hot keys • Touch sensitive panel with stylus pen • Mini Keyboard • Jog Dial • Touch panel is versatile, but… • Often requires precise tapping for small GUI objects • Stylus pen is necessary for precise tapping • Drawing/Storing actions disturb smooth interaction

  4. Augmented Approach • Exploit physical movement with natural interaction • Efficient use of device portability • Embed sensors • Position & Orientation [“Chameleon”, Fitzmaurice et al. 1993] • Tilting [Rekimoto 1996] • Tactile(Haptic) [Harrison et al. 1998][Hinckley et al. 2000] • Data transfer in real world context • HyperPalette [Ayatsuka et al. 1999] • Toss-it [Yatani et al. 2004]

  5. Trend of new device development • Attaching more sensors on handheld • Detect natural behavior of human with handling devices • Recognize intension of user • We agree the direction of approach • However, we should make full use of conventional hardware as much as possible

  6. RodDirect • Novel, simple and versatile interaction technique • RodDirect utilize stylus pen as a knob/cylinder • Two types of stylus movement in the stylus holder are associated with parameters • (1) Twist (Rotation) • (2) Push/Pull (Sliding) • User can control two parameters intuitively and simultaneously

  7. Metaphors(Scrolling and Moving object)

  8. Block Breaker Space Invader Application Switching Scheduler Map Browser Applications using RodDirect

  9. Application: Map Browser 2D Scrolling Zooming by rotating while pressing button “Crutching” by pressing button

  10. Application Switching(conceptual demo) Twisting for switch command Pulling out determines screen mode

  11. Application: Scheduler(mixed with touch screen interaction) 2D Scrolling Tapping & Holding to move item

  12. Game: Block Breaker Controlling pad position directly by rotating/sliding

  13. Game: Space Invader Controlling cannon position directly by sliding Shot by rotating (player can control laser speed by rotation speed)

  14. Prototype(Optical mouse sensor detects movements of stylus) 800 counts/inch, 420 counts/rotation, 1200 counts/one-way slide

  15. Implementation of Prototype • PC receives location of stylus as ordinary mouse position • PC-PDA connection (ActiveSync) to transmit location to PDA • Application on PDA processes the location USB port TCP/IP

  16. User’s Merits • Natural and Intuitive • User can operate with normal stylus • Physical constraint of holder decreases difficulty of operation • non-dominant hand control is also possible • Friction keeps the position of stylus • User can suspend/resume tasks immediately

  17. Manufacturer’s Merits • The sensor is relatively small • It can be embedded in the device • Few restriction in exterior design • Not expensive • Provides new experience for users

  18. Tasks and Interactions with handheld Cost of Operations (incl. Pre/Post Tasks) Touch Panel with Stylus RodDirect Hot Key Cursor Keys Jog Dial Launch Application 1D Scrolling 2D Scrolling Discrete Tap&Drag (ex.Inputting Text) Task Complexity

  19. Experiment • Purpose: Investigate efficiency of RodDirect • Task: Scroll to center target & press button • Target appears on 1280x1200 virtual screen • 9 participants • 4 input methods • Drag • Walk • Tilt • RodDirect • Captured time to complete task

  20. Drag(panning by pushing background)

  21. Walk(similar to Touch-n-go [MacKay et al. 2005])

  22. Tilt (PhidgetAccelerometer attached on behind)

  23. RodDirect

  24. Result (Estimated marginal means) Bonferroni pair-wise comparison revealed: Rod<<Walk Rod<<Tilt Drag<<Walk Drag<<Tilt Walk<<Tilt But no significant differences found between Rod and Drag ** **

  25. Fitting to MacKenzie model(MT = a + b log2(Distance/Size + 1) Slope (b) • Rod:547 • Drag:769 • Walk:844 • Tilt:785 Walk Tilt Rod Drag

  26. Findings • RodDirect can operate as fast as tap&drag • Rod becomes faster when larger target size, longer target distance • User Comments • Drag suits for precise control • Drag exhausted user by back/forth dragging • Participants disrupted by reflections from room light in Tilt • Tilt is not best for screen-attentive tasks • Touch panel was worn out by frequent scratch

  27. Conclusion • RodDirect • novel, simple and versatile interaction technique • Suitable for mobile appliances • Relatively small sensor • Less influence on exterior design if embedded • Effective for scrolling task • RodDirect can be applied not only PDA with stylus but also “rod antenna” of cellular phone

  28. Questions & comments • Thank you for your attentions!! • Contact: • Motoki Miura • miuramo@jaist.ac.jp • http://css.jaist.ac.jp/~miuramo/

  29. Longer Stylus • Length: • Original: 94mm • Longer : 110mm (+16mm) (To Prevent pushing in entirely)

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