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Motion Description Concepts and Terminology – pp 28-40

Learn about linear, angular, and general motion forms in the human body, reference positions, planes, axes, and directional terms. Explore movement descriptions within a frame of reference and the significance of planes and axes in determining different movements.

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Motion Description Concepts and Terminology – pp 28-40

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  1. Motion Description Concepts and Terminology – pp 28-40 • Objectives: • Define and provide examples of linear, angular, & general forms of motion • Identify & describe reference positions, planes, and axes associated with the human body • Define & appropriately use directional terms & joint movement terminology

  2. Forms of motion (p 28-30) • Linear - moves from one place to another, or translates • Rectilinear (straight-line) - ex. path of a dropped ball • Curvilinear (path is curved) - ex.: path of thrown ball • Rotary, or angular - movement is around a restricted point, or axis, within the system. Ex: all body segmental movements. • General, or combination - movement is both linear and rotary. Ex: movement of baseball bat during the swing.

  3. Overview of Movement Description • Movement of a system within a frame of reference • Before determining the nature of a movement, the mechanical system of interest must be defined. • System may be a part of the body, the entire body, or the body plus an implement, etc.

  4. Superior Inferior Anterior Posterior Medial Lateral Proximal Distal Superficial Deep Standard Reference TerminologyDirectional Terms

  5. Joint Movement Terminology • In anatomical position, all body segments are considered to be positioned at zero degrees. • Sagittal Plane Movements • Frontal Plane Movements • Transverse Plane Movements • Other Movements

  6. Movement Planes and Axes • Planes (See Figure 2.3, p 33) • Transverse (across), frontal (front and back sections), and sagital (left and right sections) • Axes • mediolateral (side to side), anterio-posterior (front to back), longitudinal, and diagonal (or oblique) • Movements • Flexion-extension (mediolateral axis, sagital plane) • example: squats at the knee and hip • Abduction-adduction (anterio-post axis, frontal plane) • example: raising arm to side of shoulder • Rotation (longitudinal axis, transverse plane) • example: turning head to side

  7. Movements in Sagital Plane

  8. Movements In Frontal Plane

  9. Movements in Transverse plane

  10. Flexion-extension

  11. Abduction- adduction

  12. Rotation:

  13. Standard Reference TerminologyAnatomical Reference Position • Erect standing position • all body parts, including the palms of the hands, facing forward; considered the starting position for body segment movements

  14. Spatial Reference Systems • Used to standardize the measurements taken Cartesian Coordinate system • Movements primarily in a single direction, or planar, can be analyzed using a two-dimensional Cartesian • X (horizontal) direction • Y (vertical) direction • 3-dimensional by adding a z-axis

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