Exploring Offshore Aquaculture in Europe: South of Spain Experience

1. Presentation “The Offshore Aquaculture in Europe – Next Steps” Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: experience in South of Spain J.Carlos Macias & Paco Padilla September, 20007 Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

2. Conference structure • INTRODUCTION: PRODUCTIVE CONTEXT • PART 1: REGULATION • PART 2:. PLANNIG AND ORDENATION. • PART 3: EXPERIENCES IN OFFSHORE AQUACULTURE • GENERAL PART CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

3. Production context: Spain -Andalusia SPAIN: 270.000-350.000 tons • 85 % Mussels from Galician • 15 % Fish and others sellfish ANDALUSIA Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

4. Examples Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

5. C u r r e n t r e g u l a t I o n s c o n t e x t Aquaculture responsability of Regional Government Territorial Waters (12-200 mn) Inshore waters (baseline-12 mn) Fishery and Aquaculture Act (Ejemplo Andalucía: Ley 1/2002 de Ordenación fomento y control de la pesca, la acuicultura y el marisqueo) REGION OF ANDALUSÍA General Terms Information requests 8-10 public agencies 10 to 24 months for the definite approval Marine-terrestrial public domain assets NATIONAL ACT Conditions Final Aquaculture Licence Experimental Aquaculture Licence Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

6. R e g u l a t I o n s : p r o c e s s PROMOTER (NEW FARMER) Information stage Proposal stage Resolution stage Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

7. Areas where the aquaculture is carried out in Andalusia OFF-SHORE AQUACULTURE CONCEPT: discussed topic TYPES OF OFF-SHORE AQUACULTURE SEMI-ENCLOSED WATER AQUACULTURE INSHORE AQUACULTURE OFFSHORE AQUACULTURE • Distance • Little interference of uses • High envieronmental quality • Minimisatión of E.Impacts OFF-SHORE OPEN SEA Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

8. PLANNING AND REGULATION: OBJECTIVES European Comissión ICZM Planning of the marine aquaculture in the coast zones Locating areas of interest for aquaculture activities E.C. ICZM Regional Government in Andalusia OBJECTIVES • • Increase the knowledge of coastal zones available for aquaculture uses • • Identify potential zones for aquaculture development • • Promote the communication and coordination among all the public administration implicated • • Facilitate the accessibility to the aquaculture promoters Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

9. Methodological aspects: location of areas of interest for aquaculture Areas of interest for marine farming or aquaculture No incompatibilities of use and good environmental conditions Geographical units Maritime strip: coastline to 50 meters deep Coastal zones: salt marshal zones, estuaries, bays, etc Technical approaches ADMINISTRATIVE APPROACH Study of the administrative aspects (uses, occupations of the area or activities) Thematic cartography Software: ARC GIS 8.2,SPATIAL ANALIST, SURFER 8.0 1 St Stage ENVIRONMENTAL APPROACH Study of the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the farming environment. 2 nd Stage Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

10. Result 1: Maritime-administrative approach Archaeological interesting zone Archaeological interesting zone Archaeological interesting zone Archaeological interesting zone Archaeological interesting zone Port Infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port Infrastructure Port Infraestructure Artificial reef Artificial reef Artificial reef Artificial reef Domain zone and port use Domain zone and port uses Domain zone and port uses Domain zone port uses Domain zone and port use Domain zone and port uses Domain zone and port uses Domain zone and port uses Domain zone and port uses Aquaculture companies Aquaculture companies Dumping point to the littoral Dumping point to the littoral Dumping point to the littoral Dumping point to the littoral Dumping point to the littoral Dumping point to the littoral Dumping point to the littoral Dumping point to the littoral Dredging zone Dredging zone Dredging zone Dredging zone Dreding zone Dredging zone Dreding zone Dredging zone Dreding zone Dredging zone Dredging zone Zone with tourist interest Zone with tourist interest Zone with tourist interest Zone with tourist interest Zone of tourist interest Zone with tourist interest Marine protected area Marine protected area Marine protected area Marine protected area Marine protected area Marine protected area Marine protected area Marine protected area Marine protected area Marine protected area Military zone Military zone Anchoring zone for vessels Anchoring zone for vessels Anchoring zone for vessels Submarine cable exit Submarine cable exit Submarine cable exit Submarine cable exit Submarine cableexit Submarine cable exit Submarine cable exit Bathymetry Bathymetry Bathymetry Bathymetry Bathymetry Bathymetry Bathymetry Bathymetry Bathymetry Bathymetry Batimetría Bathymetry Bathymetry Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

11. Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

12. Second stage of the research: where to develop it Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

13. W o r k s t r u c t u r e Weather conditions Study of marine bottom Study of water quality Study of oceanographical conditions Fisheries sector Characterization Temperature Wind velocity Solar radiation Evaporation Humidity Wind direction Precipitation Bathymetry Organics compounds Granulometry Bionomy Abundance y diversity Bivalves abundance Dissolved oxygen Salinity Clorofile Temperature Suspended solids Nitritos Swell Hidrodynamyc modelization Currents Scattering Fishing ports Fishery area information Fleet information Catches data Oceanographycal Sampling Interest degree = 100 x ( Ki Px)/ Ki Px = Interest of the zone in according to parameter X Ki = Ratio factor of the parameter X CARTOGRAPHY OF THE INTEREST ZONES FOR MARINE AQUACULTURE ON THE ANDALUSIAN LITTORAL Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

14. RESULTS OBTAINED IN THE SECOND STAGE (Technical environmental scope of the marine area) Fondos detríticos costeros (FDC) Fondos detríticos enfangados (FDE) Praderas de fanerógamas marinas (PFM) Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

15. C a s e S t u d y Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

16. C o n c l u s i o n s a n d n e x t s t e p s p r o p o s a l s The production context and the trends in Spain development of sea aquaculture Offshore aquaculture Advance  conditioned by new technology and others advantages: Minimisation of environmental effects and low interferences Regulatory frameworkcurrently complicated Exist others tools: previous planning projects and experimental licences. Planning and management cartography information in aquaculture areas Tools to public administration managementPromoters: additional tool to searching best place to aquaculture facilities. I. Aquaculture Regulation Development I.I Specific consideration to offshore aquaculture opportunities I.II Define and develop “Experimental Projects Licence” II. Site selection to planning and development of aquaculture sector…. II.I Improve the information level of potential site: GIS in Aquaculture II.II Design and implementation of Managements Plans for these sites NEXT STEPS PROPOSALS Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

17. T h a n k s Thanks…but Its continue now jcmacias@dap.es Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros

18. Break out In November 2001, in the Communication from the European Commission, about the “Strategy for the Development of the European Aquaculture” it appeared as one of its priority objectives to solve the conflicts derived from the space that currently are delaying the development of the aquaculture in some regions.  Also, The Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) analyse the strategic importance of the coastal planning for Europe and the rest of the world, they say that: “The scanty availability of zones suitable for the aquaculture due to the attribution of the space for other uses constitutes a significant limitation for the expansion of this activity”. Aquaculture, as other activities carried out on the coast, should have its own space reserve where developing in a planned way its activities Unidad Técnica de Acuicultura Subdirección de Investigación y Servicios Pesqueros