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THE CELL Membrane

Learn about the cell membrane's structure, functions, and transport processes, including passive and active mechanisms like facilitated diffusion and vesicular transport. Understand terms like osmosis and hypertonic solutions.

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THE CELL Membrane

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  1. Notebook Page 33 & 34 THE CELLMembrane

  2. Cell Membrane Also called the Plasma Membrane

  3. Fluid Mosaic Model 1. Made of phospholipidbilayer • hydrophobictails(repels water) point inward Chains of fatty acids • hydrophilic heads(attracts water) point outward Made of an alcohol and glycerol

  4. The phospholipids can move sideways to allow water and other Non-Polar molecules to pass through into or out of the cell

  5. Membrane Transport A. Passive Transport • requires no energy • occurs with the concentration gradient 3 examples a. Diffusion

  6. Fluid Mosaic Model Made of proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol

  7. Fluid Mosaic Model 1. Cholesterol – another type of lipid In the cell membrane a. Cholesterol mc • are scattered throughout membrane • help stabilize membrane • Make the membrane more fluid

  8. functions Proteins

  9. Proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol Proteins 1) Kinds: • Integral • Or transmembrane proteins • Go all the way through • Peripheral • Only on one side

  10. Large molecules • Like proteins or carbohydrates use proteins to help move across cell membranes. • Some of the membrane protein have carbohydrate parts attached to help cells recognize each other and certain molecules

  11. Cell Membrane Function 1. Cell Signaling • Selective transport • Excretion of wastes • Structural support

  12. Membrane Transport Membrane Permeability Selectively permeable

  13. - diffusion of water examples Osmosis Water moves from high water (low solute) concentration to low water. Moving down with the concentration gradient

  14. Important Terms • Hypotonic Solution has lower % solute than the cell; water moves into the cell

  15. Important Terms • Hypertonic • Hypotonic Solution has higher % solute than the cell; water moves out of the cell

  16. Important Terms • Hypertonic • Hypotonic • Isotonic Solution has same % solute as the cell; water movement in = out

  17. Water movement

  18. Passive Transport - no energy required examples Facilitated diffusion • uses membrane proteins • example: glucose is carried by permease

  19. Predict the Result of Facilitated Diffusion

  20. Passive Transport examples Filtration • Occurs when pressure is exerted on the fluids and solutes • Kidneys • Dialysis

  21. movement of mc against the concentration gradient Active Transport • requires energy – ATP Uses 40% of ATP in cell!

  22. Kinds of Active Transport Sodium Potassium pump move ions into and out of the cell against their gradients Helps muscle cells contract

  23. Active Transport Pumps Transmembrane /intregral proteins – Change shape to move ions

  24. 3. Kinds of Active Transportb. Vesicular transport 1) Endocytosis

  25. Endocytosis phagocytosis – “cell eating”, pinocytosis - “cell drinking”

  26. Kinds of Active TransportVesicular transport exocytosis

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