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Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions. Science, Technology, and Society Mr. CANOVA PERIOD 11. How to Make a Cake. 1. Add flour and eggs and milk, put in the oven for 20 minutes at 450 o F and you will have yourself a cake. 2. Flour (s) + eggs (s) + milk (l) → cake (s).

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Chemical Reactions

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  1. Chemical Reactions Science, Technology, and Society Mr. CANOVA PERIOD 11

  2. How to Make a Cake 1. Add flour and eggs and milk, put in the oven for 20 minutes at 450oF and you will have yourself a cake. 2. Flour(s) + eggs(s) + milk(l) → cake(s)

  3. Word Equation: uses names of the reactants and products. Ex:aluminum plus copper (II) chloride yields aluminum chloride and copper • Skeleton Equation: uses chemical symbols with no relative amounts. Ex: Al(s) + CuCl2(aq) → AlCl3(aq) + Cu(s)

  4. NOTE!!!!!!! • Make sure compounds are written properly. • Remember to put up the charges and use criss-cross method if needed. • Remember diatomic molecules.

  5. 3. Phases: s - solid phase l - liquid phase g - gaseous phase aq – aqueous phase (exists in a water solution) EX: NaCl(aq) = solid NaCl dissolved in H2O

  6. NOTE!!!!!!! • Balanced Formula Equation: shows the relative amounts of the atoms on each side of the equation. EX: 2Al(s) + 3CuCl2(aq)→ 2AlCl3(aq) + 3Cu(s) LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER • To balance equations use ONLY coefficients. • NEVER, NEVER change a subscript

  7. Balancing Reactions

  8. Types of Reactions • Combination (Synthesis) • Decomposition • Single Replacement • Double Replacement • Combustion

  9. 1. Combination (Synthesis): Ex: A + B → AB Ex: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O 2. Decomposition: Ex: AB → A + B Ex: 2H2O → 2H2 + O2 (electrolysis)

  10. 3. Single Replacement: Ex: A + BC → C + BA Ex: Zn + Cu(NO3)2 → ? Like replaces likeUSE ACTIVITY SERIES Is Zn higher than Cu on the list?

  11. Activity Series of Metals Decreasing Activity Use for single replacement Reactions Li K Ba Sr Ca Na Mg Al MnZn Zn + Cu(NO3)2 → Zn(NO3)2 + Cu Fe Cd Co Ni Sn Pb HCu Ag Hg Au

  12. 4. Double Replacement: Ex: AB + CD → AD + CB Ex: HCl + NaOH → H(OH) + NaCl 5. Combustion: Ex: hydrocarbon + O2 → CO2 + H2O Ex: CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O This is an example of complete combustion.

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