Unit 8 & 9: Imperialism and WWI

1. Unit 8 & 9: Imperialism and WWI By: Raquel Rooney & Elisabeth Smith

2. Overview • Imperialism is domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or religion. • Imperialism greatly effected the outcome and events of WWI. • Due to imperialism countries were thirsty for power and this resulted in war.

3. Vocab • Big Stick Diplomacy- the U.S. slowly became an imperialist power and took control of the oil • Total War- the channeling of a nation’s entire rescores into the war effort • Nationalism- a strong feeling of pride in and devoting to one’s country • Alliance- when countries support each other in war

4. Vocab • Trench Warfare- soldiers fought each other from the trenches • Militarism- glorification of the military • Ration- when people could buy only a small amount of certain items • Draft- when the government randomly chooses men to fight in the war

5. Vocab • Armistice- an agreement to end fighting • Propaganda- spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause • Axis Powers- consisted of Germany, Austria- Hungary, Italy, and Ottoman Empire • Allied Powers- consisted of France, Russia, England, and the U.S.

6. Timeline • June 28, 1914- Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated. • January 19, 1917- Germany sends the Zimmerman note to Mexico. • April 6, 1917- The United States declares war on Germany and enters the war. • June 28, 1919 - The Treaty of Versailles ended WWI.

7. Study Guide Answer Key • What are the five motives of imperialism? -Economic: To make money -Political: To gain power -Religious: To spread Christianity -Exploratory: Explore the unknown -Ideological: Cultural values and race superiority • How was propaganda used during this time period? They made political cartoons and used the media to persuade people to want to join the war. • What was the Berlin Conference? It was a meeting of European nations to decide how to colonize Africa

8. Study Guide Answer Key • What was the “spheres of influence”? It is the mother colony who controls all trade and economic decisions in the colony. • What is the difference between direct and indirect rule? Direct Rule: send officials from the mother country to the colony to run the government Indirect Rule: rulers in the colonies stay in place, but European advisers help them to make decisions. • What were the four causes of WWI? Militarism- the rise of a dangerous European arms race Alliance System- military alliances among the Great Powers of Europe Imperialism- European nations competed fiercely for colonies Nationalism- led to intense competition among nations

9. Study Guide Answer Key • What were the two alliance systems? Triple Entente/ Allied Powers and Triple Alliance/ Central Powers • What was the spark that ignited WWI? Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated? • How did advances in technology influence the war? New tools for war were created such as machine guns, tanks, airplanes, and poison gas. More deaths resulted in the creation of there new weapons.

10. Fun Facts  • About 2/3 of military deaths during WWI were due to battle. In previous wars, deaths were mostly due to disease. • In WWI, dogs were used as messengers to deliver notes. • Approximately 23,000 soldiers died due to Trench Foot.